{"id":83,"date":"2026-06-13T12:27:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-13T12:27:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/?p=83"},"modified":"2026-06-13T12:27:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T12:27:45","slug":"kisinin-dokunulmazligi-madde-17","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/kisinin-dokunulmazligi-madde-17\/","title":{"rendered":"Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131&#8217;nda Ki\u015finin Dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Madde 17)"},"content":{"rendered":"<article><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, insan\u0131n devlet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki en temel g\u00fcvence alan\u0131d\u0131r. Bir hukuk d\u00fczeninde insan yaln\u0131zca vatanda\u015f, se\u00e7men, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan veya kamu hizmetinden yararlanan ki\u015fi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmez; her \u015feyden \u00f6nce onur sahibi bir varl\u0131k olarak kabul edilir. Bu nedenle <a href=\"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a> i\u00e7inde Madde 17, ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131, v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, i\u015fkence yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n denetlenebilirli\u011fini ayn\u0131 anayasal \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele al\u0131r. Burada <strong>ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, yaln\u0131zca fiziksel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 de\u011fildir; insan\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmama, keyf\u00ee m\u00fcdahaleye u\u011framama, r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bedeni \u00fczerinde i\u015flem yap\u0131lmama ve devlet g\u00fcc\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hukukla korunma hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Bu madde, insan onurunu devletin merkezine yerle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Madde 17 \u2013 Ki\u015finin Dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Maddi ve Manevi Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><br \/>\nHerkes, insan onuruna dayanan ya\u015fama ve maddi-manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Devlet haklar\u0131 korur. T\u0131bbi zorunluluklar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015finin v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamaz; kimse r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan bilimsel deneye tabi tutulamaz.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilemez. Sava\u015f hukukuna uygun fiiller sonucu meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcmlere ili\u015fkin 15. madde h\u00fckm\u00fc sakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fkence, eziyet ve insan onuruyla ba\u011fda\u015fmayan ceza veya muamele yasakt\u0131r. Bu yasak asla ihlal edilemez. G\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 ancak kanundaki, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlikede, zorunlu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve son \u00e7are olan h\u00e2llerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fc\u00e7 kullanma yetkisi a\u00e7\u0131k, dar ve denetlenebilir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenir; belirsiz veya keyf\u00ee yetki tan\u0131namaz. Toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6sterilere y\u00f6nelik kolluk m\u00fcdahalesi; gerek\u00e7e, emir zinciri, ara\u00e7, s\u00fcre, yaralanma ve g\u00f6zalt\u0131 bilgisini i\u00e7eren kay\u0131t d\u00fczenine tabidir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\u0130nsan Onuru Devletin Dokunamayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00c7ekirdektir<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, insan onuru kavram\u0131yla ba\u015flar. Madde 17, herkesin insan onuruna dayanan ya\u015fama ve maddi-manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu belirtir. Bu ifade, insan\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bedensel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ruhsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ki\u015fili\u011fini, haysiyetini ve g\u00fcven i\u00e7inde ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131 da korur.<\/p>\n<p>Devletin g\u00f6revi, bu haklar\u0131 tan\u0131makla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir; onlar\u0131 korumakt\u0131r. Bir insan\u0131n hayat\u0131, bedeni ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn keyf\u00ee m\u00fcdahalesine a\u00e7\u0131k bir alan olamaz. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/instruments-mechanisms\/instruments\/universal-declaration-human-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">insan onuruna dayanan ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 ve temel hak anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/a> ile de uyumludur. <strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, hukuk devletinin en sessiz ama en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc c\u00fcmlesidir: \u0130nsan, devlet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda korunmas\u0131 gereken bir de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fccut B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ki\u015finin En Yak\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Alan\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131n\u0131 da kapsar. Madde 17\u2019ye g\u00f6re t\u0131bbi zorunluluklar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015finin v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamaz. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, insan bedeninin ki\u015finin r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fcdahaleye a\u00e7\u0131k bir nesne h\u00e2line getirilemeyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu g\u00fcvence, modern hukuk d\u00fczeni a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan\u0131n bedeni, en ki\u015fisel ve en mahrem varl\u0131k alan\u0131d\u0131r. Devlet, kurumlar veya ba\u015fka ki\u015filer, t\u0131bbi zorunluluk d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015finin bedenine keyf\u00ee bi\u00e7imde m\u00fcdahale edemez. Ayr\u0131ca kimse r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan bilimsel deneye tabi tutulamaz. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/ethics\/research\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0130nsan \u00fczerinde bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda r\u0131za ve etik koruma ilkeleri<\/a>, bu alandaki hassasiyetin uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde de ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. <strong><em>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em><\/strong>, bu nedenle beden \u00fczerinde sayg\u0131 ve r\u0131za ilkesini anayasal g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6l\u00fcm Cezas\u0131 Yasa\u011f\u0131 \u0130nsan Hayat\u0131na Verilen De\u011feri G\u00f6sterir<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde korunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Madde 17, \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilemez.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcyle devletin ceza verme yetkisine kesin bir s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izer. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, devletin en a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dahi insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131ran bir ceza yoluna ba\u015fvuramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca ceza hukuku tercihi de\u011fildir; insan onuruna dayal\u0131 anayasal devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sonucudur. Devlet cezaland\u0131rabilir, toplumu koruyabilir, su\u00e7la m\u00fccadele edebilir; fakat bunu insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 yok eden bir ceza y\u00f6ntemiyle yapamaz. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coe.int\/en\/web\/human-rights-convention\/death-penalty\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Avrupa insan haklar\u0131 hukukunda \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcreci<\/a>, bu konuda insan hayat\u0131na verilen de\u011ferin kurumsal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. B\u00f6ylece <strong>ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, devletin cezaland\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc insan onuru kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ya\u015fama hakk\u0131<\/strong>, insan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temelidir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong>, ki\u015finin en yak\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u0131za ilkesi<\/strong>, insan\u0131 nesnele\u015ftirmeye kar\u015f\u0131 korur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, devlet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc insan hayat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0130\u015fkence Yasa\u011f\u0131 Asla \u0130hlal Edilemez<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, i\u015fkence, eziyet ve insan onuruyla ba\u011fda\u015fmayan ceza veya muamelenin mutlak bi\u00e7imde yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Madde 17, bu yasa\u011f\u0131n asla ihlal edilemeyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtir. Bu ifade, herhangi bir istisnaya kap\u0131 b\u0131rakmayan \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir anayasal g\u00fcvencedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fkence yasa\u011f\u0131, insan haklar\u0131 hukukunun en sert ve en vazge\u00e7ilmez kurallar\u0131ndan biridir. Hi\u00e7bir g\u00fcvenlik gerek\u00e7esi, hi\u00e7bir kriz, hi\u00e7bir soru\u015fturma ihtiyac\u0131, hi\u00e7bir kamu otoritesi bu yasa\u011f\u0131 a\u015famaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015fkence, yaln\u0131zca bedene zarar vermez; insan\u0131n onurunu, ki\u015fili\u011fini ve hukuk d\u00fczenine duyulan g\u00fcveni de par\u00e7alar. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/genocideprevention\/documents\/atrocity-crimes\/Doc.14_convention%20against%20torture.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0130\u015fkenceye kar\u015f\u0131 mutlak yasak ve insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 muamelelerin \u00f6nlenmesi<\/a>, bu alanda evrensel hukuk fikrinin en a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6rneklerinden biridir. <strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, bu yasa\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z bi\u00e7imde korur.<\/p>\n<h2>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Ancak Son \u00c7are Olabilir<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da a\u00e7\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131rlar ister. Madde 17\u2019ye g\u00f6re g\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 ancak kanundaki, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlikede, zorunlu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve son \u00e7are olan h\u00e2llerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu c\u00fcmle, kolluk yetkisinin keyf\u00ee de\u011fil, \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 \u015fartlara ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>Devletin kamu d\u00fczenini koruma g\u00f6revi vard\u0131r; fakat bu g\u00f6rev, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Tehlike somut ve yak\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcdahale zorunlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lan g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Daha hafif yollarla sonu\u00e7 al\u0131nabilecekse g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 tercih edilmemelidir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/instruments-mechanisms\/instruments\/basic-principles-use-force-and-firearms-law-enforcement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kolluk kuvvetlerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 ve silah kullanmas\u0131nda zorunluluk ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkeleri<\/a>, bu konuda \u00f6nemli bir hukuk\u00ee \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunar. <strong><em>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em><\/strong>, kamu d\u00fczeni ile insan g\u00fcvenli\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi bu \u015fekilde kurar.<\/p>\n<h2>Kolluk M\u00fcdahalesi Kay\u0131t Alt\u0131nda Olmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanma yetkisinin a\u00e7\u0131k, dar ve denetlenebilir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmesini gerektirir. Madde 17, belirsiz veya keyf\u00ee yetki tan\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zellikle belirtir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn karanl\u0131kta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcvencedir.<\/p>\n<p>Toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6sterilere y\u00f6nelik kolluk m\u00fcdahalesinin gerek\u00e7e, emir zinciri, ara\u00e7, s\u00fcre, yaralanma ve g\u00f6zalt\u0131 bilgisini i\u00e7eren kay\u0131t d\u00fczenine tabi olmas\u0131 da son derece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir denetim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 getirir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc m\u00fcdahale sonras\u0131 geriye yaln\u0131zca idarenin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 de\u011fil, denetlenebilir bir kay\u0131t kalmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kay\u0131t, hem vatanda\u015f\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 aramas\u0131n\u0131 hem de kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin sorumluluk bilinciyle hareket etmesini sa\u011flar. <strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca m\u00fcdahaleyi s\u0131n\u0131rlamaz; m\u00fcdahalenin izlenebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 da ister.<\/p>\n<h2>Son De\u011ferlendirme<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a> i\u00e7inde insan onurunu ve ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131 devletin merkezine yerle\u015ftiren en temel g\u00fcvencelerden biridir. Madde 17, herkesin ya\u015fama ve maddi-manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu belirtir. Devlet bu haklar\u0131 korumakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. T\u0131bbi zorunluluklar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamaz; kimse r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan bilimsel deneye tabi tutulamaz.<\/p>\n<p>Bu maddenin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc taraf\u0131, insan onurunu yaln\u0131zca genel bir ilke olarak de\u011fil, \u00e7ok somut g\u00fcvencelerle korumas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 yasaklan\u0131r. \u0130\u015fkence, eziyet ve insan onuruyla ba\u011fda\u015fmayan ceza veya muamele mutlak bi\u00e7imde reddedilir. G\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kanunda g\u00f6sterilen, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlikede, zorunlu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve son \u00e7are olan h\u00e2llerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur. Kolluk m\u00fcdahaleleri kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r ve denetlenebilir h\u00e2le getirilir. B\u00f6ylece <strong>ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, bireyin bedenini, hayat\u0131n\u0131, onurunu ve kamu g\u00fcc\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvenli\u011fini koruyan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, insani ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc bir anayasal g\u00fcvenceye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, insan\u0131n devlet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki en temel g\u00fcvence alan\u0131d\u0131r. Bir hukuk d\u00fczeninde insan yaln\u0131zca vatanda\u015f, se\u00e7men, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan veya kamu hizmetinden yararlanan ki\u015fi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmez; her \u015feyden \u00f6nce onur sahibi bir varl\u0131k olarak kabul edilir. Bu nedenle Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde Madde 17, ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131, v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, i\u015fkence yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n denetlenebilirli\u011fini ayn\u0131 anayasal \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele al\u0131r. Burada ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131zca fiziksel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 de\u011fildir; insan\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmama, keyf\u00ee m\u00fcdahaleye u\u011framama, r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bedeni \u00fczerinde i\u015flem yap\u0131lmama ve devlet g\u00fcc\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hukukla korunma hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Bu madde, insan onurunu devletin merkezine yerle\u015ftirir. Madde 17 \u2013 Ki\u015finin Dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Maddi ve Manevi Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Herkes, insan onuruna dayanan ya\u015fama ve maddi-manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Devlet haklar\u0131 korur. T\u0131bbi zorunluluklar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015finin v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamaz; kimse r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan bilimsel deneye tabi tutulamaz. \u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilemez. Sava\u015f hukukuna uygun fiiller sonucu meydana gelen \u00f6l\u00fcmlere ili\u015fkin 15. madde h\u00fckm\u00fc sakl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fkence, eziyet ve insan onuruyla ba\u011fda\u015fmayan ceza veya muamele yasakt\u0131r. Bu yasak asla ihlal edilemez. G\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 ancak kanundaki, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlikede, zorunlu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve son \u00e7are olan h\u00e2llerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. G\u00fc\u00e7 kullanma yetkisi a\u00e7\u0131k, dar ve denetlenebilir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenir; belirsiz veya keyf\u00ee yetki tan\u0131namaz. Toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6sterilere y\u00f6nelik kolluk m\u00fcdahalesi; gerek\u00e7e, emir zinciri, ara\u00e7, s\u00fcre, yaralanma ve g\u00f6zalt\u0131 bilgisini i\u00e7eren kay\u0131t d\u00fczenine tabidir. \u0130nsan Onuru Devletin Dokunamayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00c7ekirdektir Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, insan onuru kavram\u0131yla ba\u015flar. Madde 17, herkesin insan onuruna dayanan ya\u015fama ve maddi-manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu belirtir. Bu ifade, insan\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bedensel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ruhsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ki\u015fili\u011fini, haysiyetini ve g\u00fcven i\u00e7inde ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131 da korur. Devletin g\u00f6revi, bu haklar\u0131 tan\u0131makla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir; onlar\u0131 korumakt\u0131r. Bir insan\u0131n hayat\u0131, bedeni ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn keyf\u00ee m\u00fcdahalesine a\u00e7\u0131k bir alan olamaz. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f, insan onuruna dayanan ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 ve temel hak anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile de uyumludur. Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hukuk devletinin en sessiz ama en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc c\u00fcmlesidir: \u0130nsan, devlet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda korunmas\u0131 gereken bir de\u011ferdir. V\u00fccut B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ki\u015finin En Yak\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Alan\u0131d\u0131r Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131n\u0131 da kapsar. Madde 17\u2019ye g\u00f6re t\u0131bbi zorunluluklar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015finin v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamaz. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, insan bedeninin ki\u015finin r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fcdahaleye a\u00e7\u0131k bir nesne h\u00e2line getirilemeyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6sterir. Bu g\u00fcvence, modern hukuk d\u00fczeni a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan\u0131n bedeni, en ki\u015fisel ve en mahrem varl\u0131k alan\u0131d\u0131r. Devlet, kurumlar veya ba\u015fka ki\u015filer, t\u0131bbi zorunluluk d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ki\u015finin bedenine keyf\u00ee bi\u00e7imde m\u00fcdahale edemez. Ayr\u0131ca kimse r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan bilimsel deneye tabi tutulamaz. \u0130nsan \u00fczerinde bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda r\u0131za ve etik koruma ilkeleri, bu alandaki hassasiyetin uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde de ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenle beden \u00fczerinde sayg\u0131 ve r\u0131za ilkesini anayasal g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flar. \u00d6l\u00fcm Cezas\u0131 Yasa\u011f\u0131 \u0130nsan Hayat\u0131na Verilen De\u011feri G\u00f6sterir Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde korunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Madde 17, \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 verilemez.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcyle devletin ceza verme yetkisine kesin bir s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izer. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, devletin en a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dahi insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131ran bir ceza yoluna ba\u015fvuramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. \u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca ceza hukuku tercihi de\u011fildir; insan onuruna dayal\u0131 anayasal devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sonucudur. Devlet cezaland\u0131rabilir, toplumu koruyabilir, su\u00e7la m\u00fccadele edebilir; fakat bunu insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 yok eden bir ceza y\u00f6ntemiyle yapamaz. Avrupa insan haklar\u0131 hukukunda \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcreci, bu konuda insan hayat\u0131na verilen de\u011ferin kurumsal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. B\u00f6ylece ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, devletin cezaland\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc insan onuru kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rlar. Ya\u015fama hakk\u0131, insan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temelidir. V\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ki\u015finin en yak\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck alan\u0131d\u0131r. R\u0131za ilkesi, insan\u0131 nesnele\u015ftirmeye kar\u015f\u0131 korur. \u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131, devlet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc insan hayat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rlar. \u0130\u015fkence Yasa\u011f\u0131 Asla \u0130hlal Edilemez Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015fkence, eziyet ve insan onuruyla ba\u011fda\u015fmayan ceza veya muamelenin mutlak bi\u00e7imde yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Madde 17, bu yasa\u011f\u0131n asla ihlal edilemeyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtir. Bu ifade, herhangi bir istisnaya kap\u0131 b\u0131rakmayan \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir anayasal g\u00fcvencedir. \u0130\u015fkence yasa\u011f\u0131, insan haklar\u0131 hukukunun en sert ve en vazge\u00e7ilmez kurallar\u0131ndan biridir. Hi\u00e7bir g\u00fcvenlik gerek\u00e7esi, hi\u00e7bir kriz, hi\u00e7bir soru\u015fturma ihtiyac\u0131, hi\u00e7bir kamu otoritesi bu yasa\u011f\u0131 a\u015famaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015fkence, yaln\u0131zca bedene zarar vermez; insan\u0131n onurunu, ki\u015fili\u011fini ve hukuk d\u00fczenine duyulan g\u00fcveni de par\u00e7alar. \u0130\u015fkenceye kar\u015f\u0131 mutlak yasak ve insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 muamelelerin \u00f6nlenmesi, bu alanda evrensel hukuk fikrinin en a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6rneklerinden biridir. Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu yasa\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z bi\u00e7imde korur. G\u00fc\u00e7 Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Ancak Son \u00c7are Olabilir Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da a\u00e7\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131rlar ister. Madde 17\u2019ye g\u00f6re g\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 ancak kanundaki, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlikede, zorunlu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve son \u00e7are olan h\u00e2llerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu c\u00fcmle, kolluk yetkisinin keyf\u00ee de\u011fil, \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 \u015fartlara ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Devletin kamu d\u00fczenini koruma g\u00f6revi vard\u0131r; fakat bu g\u00f6rev, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Tehlike somut ve yak\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcdahale zorunlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lan g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Daha hafif yollarla sonu\u00e7 al\u0131nabilecekse g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 tercih edilmemelidir. Kolluk kuvvetlerinin g\u00fc\u00e7 ve silah kullanmas\u0131nda zorunluluk ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkeleri, bu konuda \u00f6nemli bir hukuk\u00ee \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunar. Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu d\u00fczeni ile insan g\u00fcvenli\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi bu \u015fekilde kurar. Kolluk M\u00fcdahalesi Kay\u0131t Alt\u0131nda Olmal\u0131d\u0131r Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanma yetkisinin a\u00e7\u0131k, dar ve denetlenebilir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmesini gerektirir. Madde 17, belirsiz veya keyf\u00ee yetki tan\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zellikle belirtir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn karanl\u0131kta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcvencedir. Toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6sterilere y\u00f6nelik kolluk m\u00fcdahalesinin gerek\u00e7e, emir zinciri, ara\u00e7, s\u00fcre, yaralanma ve g\u00f6zalt\u0131 bilgisini i\u00e7eren kay\u0131t d\u00fczenine tabi olmas\u0131 da son derece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir denetim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 getirir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc m\u00fcdahale sonras\u0131 geriye yaln\u0131zca idarenin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 de\u011fil, denetlenebilir bir kay\u0131t kalmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kay\u0131t, hem vatanda\u015f\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 aramas\u0131n\u0131 hem de kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin sorumluluk bilinciyle hareket etmesini sa\u011flar. Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca m\u00fcdahaleyi s\u0131n\u0131rlamaz; m\u00fcdahalenin izlenebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 da ister. Son De\u011ferlendirme Ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde insan onurunu ve ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131 devletin merkezine yerle\u015ftiren en temel g\u00fcvencelerden biridir. Madde 17, herkesin ya\u015fama ve maddi-manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu belirtir. Devlet bu haklar\u0131 korumakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. T\u0131bbi zorunluluklar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamaz; kimse r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan bilimsel deneye tabi tutulamaz. Bu maddenin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc taraf\u0131, insan onurunu yaln\u0131zca genel bir ilke olarak de\u011fil, \u00e7ok somut g\u00fcvencelerle korumas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 yasaklan\u0131r. \u0130\u015fkence, eziyet ve insan onuruyla ba\u011fda\u015fmayan ceza veya muamele mutlak bi\u00e7imde reddedilir. G\u00fc\u00e7 veya silah kullan\u0131m\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kanunda g\u00f6sterilen, somut ve yak\u0131n tehlikede, zorunlu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc ve son \u00e7are olan h\u00e2llerde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur. Kolluk m\u00fcdahaleleri kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r ve denetlenebilir h\u00e2le getirilir. B\u00f6ylece ki\u015finin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bireyin bedenini, hayat\u0131n\u0131, onurunu ve kamu g\u00fcc\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvenli\u011fini koruyan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, insani ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc bir anayasal g\u00fcvenceye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":86,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haklar-ozgurlukler-ve-vatandaslik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83\/revisions\/87"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}