{"id":61,"date":"2026-06-13T08:39:17","date_gmt":"2026-06-13T08:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/?p=61"},"modified":"2026-06-13T08:39:17","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T08:39:17","slug":"kanun-onunde-esitlik-madde-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/kanun-onunde-esitlik-madde-10\/","title":{"rendered":"Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131&#8217;nda Kanun \u00d6n\u00fcnde E\u015fitlik (Madde 10)"},"content":{"rendered":"<article><strong>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, devlet ile vatanda\u015f aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin en temel g\u00fcven duygusunu kurar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir \u00fclkede insan\u0131n dili, inanc\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, cinsiyeti, k\u00f6keni veya sosyal konumu ne olursa olsun ayn\u0131 hukuk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle de\u011ferlendirilmesi, adaletin ger\u00e7ek ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r. <a href=\"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a> i\u00e7inde Madde 10, bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca klasik bir e\u015fitlik h\u00fckm\u00fc olarak de\u011fil, imtiyazs\u0131z ve liyakat esasl\u0131 bir kamu d\u00fczeninin ana ilkesi olarak yer al\u0131r. Bu madde, kimsenin aile, z\u00fcmre, s\u0131n\u0131f veya \u00f6zel konum sebebiyle ayr\u0131cal\u0131k kazanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken; \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in al\u0131nacak \u00f6zel tedbirleri de e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 saymaz. B\u00f6ylece <strong>kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, hem ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kalkan hem de adaletli kamu y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir anayasal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc h\u00e2line gelir.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Madde 10 \u2013 Kanun \u00d6n\u00fcnde E\u015fitlik<\/strong><br \/>\nHerkes; dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, inan\u00e7, din, mezhep veya benzeri herhangi bir sebeple ayr\u0131m g\u00f6zetilmeksizin hukuk ve kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fittir. Hi\u00e7bir ki\u015fiye, aileye, z\u00fcmreye veya s\u0131n\u0131fa imtiyaz tan\u0131namaz.<\/p>\n<p>Devlet; \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirleri al\u0131r. Bu tedbirler e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131lmaz. Devlet organlar\u0131 ve idare i\u015flemlerinde e\u015fitlik ve liyakat esas\u0131na uyar.<\/p>\n<p>Bi\u00e7imsel olarak e\u015fit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ancak ayr\u0131mc\u0131 sonu\u00e7 do\u011furan d\u00fczenlemeler maddeye ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Hukukun Kap\u0131s\u0131 Herkese Ayn\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, herkesin ayn\u0131 insan onuruna sahip oldu\u011fu kabul\u00fcyle ba\u015flar. Madde 10, dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, inan\u00e7, din, mezhep veya benzeri sebeplerle ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade eder. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, vatanda\u015f\u0131n devlete bakarken hissetmesi gereken en temel duyguyu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir: \u201cBen de bu hukuk d\u00fczeninin e\u015fit bir par\u00e7as\u0131y\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bu anlay\u0131\u015f, yaln\u0131zca mahkemelerde de\u011fil, kamu hizmetlerinin tamam\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bir vatanda\u015f ba\u015fvuru yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hakk\u0131n\u0131 arad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kamu hizmetine eri\u015fmek istedi\u011finde veya devletle herhangi bir temas kurdu\u011funda ayn\u0131 sayg\u0131y\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 hukuk g\u00fcvencesini g\u00f6rmelidir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/equality-and-non-discrimination\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yasa\u011f\u0131 ve insan haklar\u0131nda e\u015fit muamele ilkesi<\/a>, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f hukuk d\u00fczenlerinin ortak temelidir. Bu nedenle <strong>kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde kalan bir temenni de\u011fil, her g\u00fcn hissedilmesi gereken bir devlet sorumlulu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130mtiyaz\u0131n Oldu\u011fu Yerde Adalet Zay\u0131flar<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, yaln\u0131zca ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasaklamakla yetinmez; imtiyaz\u0131 da reddeder. Madde 10\u2019a g\u00f6re hi\u00e7bir ki\u015fiye, aileye, z\u00fcmreye veya s\u0131n\u0131fa imtiyaz tan\u0131namaz. Bu c\u00fcmle, adaletli devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kalbine yerle\u015fen \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ilkedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc imtiyaz, hukuk d\u00fczeninin sessiz \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesidir. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sistem \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir; fakat baz\u0131 ki\u015filer hukukun \u00fczerinde veya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutuluyorsa e\u015fitlik duygusu yara al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle <strong><em>kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/em><\/strong>, devletin kapal\u0131 ayr\u0131cal\u0131k alanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kendisini korumas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Kamu g\u00f6revleri, kamu kaynaklar\u0131, idari i\u015flemler ve hukuk\u00ee s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ki\u015fisel yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa, aile g\u00fcc\u00fcne, s\u0131n\u0131fsal konuma veya z\u00fcmresel etkiye g\u00f6re \u015fekillenemez. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/governance\/ethics\/integrity-recommendation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kamuda d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkilerini \u00f6nleme ilkeleri<\/a>, bu noktada e\u015fitlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kamu y\u00f6netimiyle nas\u0131l birle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Adalet, ancak imtiyazs\u0131z bir zeminde nefes al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Pozitif Tedbirler E\u015fitli\u011fin D\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 De\u011fildir<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, herkesi ayn\u0131 durumda kabul edip hayat\u0131n ger\u00e7ek farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden gelmek de\u011fildir. Madde 10, \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirlerin al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. \u00dcstelik bu tedbirlerin e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade eder. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, e\u015fitli\u011fi kuru bir matematik hesab\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p vicdanl\u0131 bir hukuk ilkesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 vatanda\u015flar, hayat\u0131n i\u00e7inde daha fazla korunmaya, desteklenmeye veya eri\u015filebilir hizmete ihtiya\u00e7 duyabilir. Engelli bir bireyin kamu binas\u0131na eri\u015febilmesi, ya\u015fl\u0131 bir vatanda\u015f\u0131n hizmete daha kolay ula\u015fabilmesi, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131 ve gaziler i\u00e7in \u00f6zel desteklerin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 adaleti zay\u0131flatmaz; tam tersine adaletin insan\u00ee y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/disabilities\/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Engelli bireylerin haklar\u0131 ve eri\u015filebilir kamu hizmetleri standard\u0131<\/a>, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin uluslararas\u0131 alandaki \u00f6nemli dayanaklar\u0131ndan biridir. Bu nedenle <strong>kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerine g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc kapatan de\u011fil, onlar\u0131 toplumsal hayata daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc katan bir ilkedir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00c7ocuklar<\/strong>, korunmaya ve geli\u015fim imk\u00e2n\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ya\u015fl\u0131lar<\/strong>, eri\u015filebilir ve sayg\u0131l\u0131 kamu hizmeti bekler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Engelliler<\/strong>, hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131na e\u015fit kat\u0131l\u0131m hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u015eehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler<\/strong>, milletin vefa borcuyla korunur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>E\u015fitlik ve Liyakat Ayn\u0131 Zeminde Bulu\u015fur<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, Madde 10\u2019da liyakat ilkesiyle birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. Devlet organlar\u0131 ve idare i\u015flemlerinde e\u015fitlik ve liyakat esas\u0131na uyulmas\u0131, kamu y\u00f6netimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemli bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc liyakat, ancak e\u015fitlik zemini \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131n\u0131 bulur. E\u011fer baz\u0131 ki\u015filer daha ba\u015ftan ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131yor, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez engellerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsa liyakat d\u00fczeni kurulamaz.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle <a href=\"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a>, e\u015fitlik ile liyakati birbirine rakip de\u011fil, birbirini tamamlayan iki ilke olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr. E\u015fitlik, herkes i\u00e7in adil ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 zemini ister. Liyakat ise g\u00f6revin ehline verilmesini sa\u011flar. Biri olmadan di\u011feri eksik kal\u0131r. <strong><em>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/em><\/strong>, kamu g\u00f6revlerinde sadakat, yak\u0131nl\u0131k, aidiyet veya ki\u015fisel ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011fil; ehliyet, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, ba\u015far\u0131 ve kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n<h2>G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte E\u015fitlik Yetmez, Sonu\u00e7 da Adil Olmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong> bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Madde 10\u2019un en dikkat \u00e7ekici y\u00f6nlerinden biri, bi\u00e7imsel olarak e\u015fit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ancak ayr\u0131mc\u0131 sonu\u00e7 do\u011furan d\u00fczenlemeleri de maddeye ayk\u0131r\u0131 saymas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler ilk bak\u0131\u015fta herkese ayn\u0131 uygulan\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir; fakat sonu\u00e7ta belirli gruplar\u0131 sistemli bi\u00e7imde dezavantajl\u0131 h\u00e2le getiriyorsa ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitlik sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmaz.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, e\u015fitli\u011fi daha derin ve daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir seviyeye ta\u015f\u0131r. Devlet yaln\u0131zca \u201cherkese ayn\u0131 kural\u0131 uygulad\u0131m\u201d diyerek sorumluluktan kurtulamaz. O kural\u0131n hayatta nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7 do\u011furdu\u011funa da bakmak zorundad\u0131r. <a href=\"https:\/\/fra.europa.eu\/en\/themes\/equality-non-discrimination-and-racism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dolayl\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve e\u015fitlik uygulamalar\u0131nda sonu\u00e7 odakl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme<\/a>, modern hukuk anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda giderek daha fazla \u00f6nem kazanan bir konudur. Bu nedenle <strong>kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7ime de\u011fil, sonuca da bakar.<\/p>\n<h2>Son Bak\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a> i\u00e7inde adaletli toplum ve liyakat esasl\u0131 devlet d\u00fczeninin en temel g\u00fcvencelerinden biri olarak yer al\u0131r. Madde 10, herkesin dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, inan\u00e7, din, mezhep veya benzeri sebeplerle ayr\u0131m g\u00f6zetilmeksizin hukuk ve kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fit oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde ifade eder. Ayn\u0131 zamanda hi\u00e7bir ki\u015fiye, aileye, z\u00fcmreye veya s\u0131n\u0131fa imtiyaz tan\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 hukuk alanlar\u0131n\u0131 reddeder.<\/p>\n<p>Bu maddenin as\u0131l g\u00fcc\u00fc, e\u015fitli\u011fi yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7imsel bir ilke olarak b\u0131rakmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Devletin \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in tedbir almas\u0131 e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131lmaz. Devlet organlar\u0131 ve idare i\u015flemleri e\u015fitlik ve liyakat esas\u0131na uymak zorundad\u0131r. Dahas\u0131, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan e\u015fit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen fakat ayr\u0131mc\u0131 sonu\u00e7 do\u011furan d\u00fczenlemeler de bu maddeye ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece <strong>kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik<\/strong>, hem imtiyaz\u0131 reddeden hem dezavantaj\u0131 g\u00f6ren hem de liyakatli kamu d\u00fczenini destekleyen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve insani bir anayasal ilkeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, devlet ile vatanda\u015f aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin en temel g\u00fcven duygusunu kurar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir \u00fclkede insan\u0131n dili, inanc\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, cinsiyeti, k\u00f6keni veya sosyal konumu ne olursa olsun ayn\u0131 hukuk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle de\u011ferlendirilmesi, adaletin ger\u00e7ek ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde Madde 10, bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca klasik bir e\u015fitlik h\u00fckm\u00fc olarak de\u011fil, imtiyazs\u0131z ve liyakat esasl\u0131 bir kamu d\u00fczeninin ana ilkesi olarak yer al\u0131r. Bu madde, kimsenin aile, z\u00fcmre, s\u0131n\u0131f veya \u00f6zel konum sebebiyle ayr\u0131cal\u0131k kazanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken; \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in al\u0131nacak \u00f6zel tedbirleri de e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 saymaz. B\u00f6ylece kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, hem ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kalkan hem de adaletli kamu y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir anayasal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc h\u00e2line gelir. Madde 10 \u2013 Kanun \u00d6n\u00fcnde E\u015fitlik Herkes; dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, inan\u00e7, din, mezhep veya benzeri herhangi bir sebeple ayr\u0131m g\u00f6zetilmeksizin hukuk ve kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fittir. Hi\u00e7bir ki\u015fiye, aileye, z\u00fcmreye veya s\u0131n\u0131fa imtiyaz tan\u0131namaz. Devlet; \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirleri al\u0131r. Bu tedbirler e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131lmaz. Devlet organlar\u0131 ve idare i\u015flemlerinde e\u015fitlik ve liyakat esas\u0131na uyar. Bi\u00e7imsel olarak e\u015fit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ancak ayr\u0131mc\u0131 sonu\u00e7 do\u011furan d\u00fczenlemeler maddeye ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Hukukun Kap\u0131s\u0131 Herkese Ayn\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, herkesin ayn\u0131 insan onuruna sahip oldu\u011fu kabul\u00fcyle ba\u015flar. Madde 10, dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, inan\u00e7, din, mezhep veya benzeri sebeplerle ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade eder. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, vatanda\u015f\u0131n devlete bakarken hissetmesi gereken en temel duyguyu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir: \u201cBen de bu hukuk d\u00fczeninin e\u015fit bir par\u00e7as\u0131y\u0131m.\u201d Bu anlay\u0131\u015f, yaln\u0131zca mahkemelerde de\u011fil, kamu hizmetlerinin tamam\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bir vatanda\u015f ba\u015fvuru yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hakk\u0131n\u0131 arad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kamu hizmetine eri\u015fmek istedi\u011finde veya devletle herhangi bir temas kurdu\u011funda ayn\u0131 sayg\u0131y\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 hukuk g\u00fcvencesini g\u00f6rmelidir. Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yasa\u011f\u0131 ve insan haklar\u0131nda e\u015fit muamele ilkesi, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f hukuk d\u00fczenlerinin ortak temelidir. Bu nedenle kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde kalan bir temenni de\u011fil, her g\u00fcn hissedilmesi gereken bir devlet sorumlulu\u011fudur. \u0130mtiyaz\u0131n Oldu\u011fu Yerde Adalet Zay\u0131flar Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, yaln\u0131zca ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasaklamakla yetinmez; imtiyaz\u0131 da reddeder. Madde 10\u2019a g\u00f6re hi\u00e7bir ki\u015fiye, aileye, z\u00fcmreye veya s\u0131n\u0131fa imtiyaz tan\u0131namaz. Bu c\u00fcmle, adaletli devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kalbine yerle\u015fen \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ilkedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc imtiyaz, hukuk d\u00fczeninin sessiz \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesidir. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sistem \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir; fakat baz\u0131 ki\u015filer hukukun \u00fczerinde veya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutuluyorsa e\u015fitlik duygusu yara al\u0131r. Bu nedenle kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, devletin kapal\u0131 ayr\u0131cal\u0131k alanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kendisini korumas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Kamu g\u00f6revleri, kamu kaynaklar\u0131, idari i\u015flemler ve hukuk\u00ee s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ki\u015fisel yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa, aile g\u00fcc\u00fcne, s\u0131n\u0131fsal konuma veya z\u00fcmresel etkiye g\u00f6re \u015fekillenemez. Kamuda d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkilerini \u00f6nleme ilkeleri, bu noktada e\u015fitlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kamu y\u00f6netimiyle nas\u0131l birle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Adalet, ancak imtiyazs\u0131z bir zeminde nefes al\u0131r. Pozitif Tedbirler E\u015fitli\u011fin D\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 De\u011fildir Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, herkesi ayn\u0131 durumda kabul edip hayat\u0131n ger\u00e7ek farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden gelmek de\u011fildir. Madde 10, \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirlerin al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. \u00dcstelik bu tedbirlerin e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade eder. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, e\u015fitli\u011fi kuru bir matematik hesab\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p vicdanl\u0131 bir hukuk ilkesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 vatanda\u015flar, hayat\u0131n i\u00e7inde daha fazla korunmaya, desteklenmeye veya eri\u015filebilir hizmete ihtiya\u00e7 duyabilir. Engelli bir bireyin kamu binas\u0131na eri\u015febilmesi, ya\u015fl\u0131 bir vatanda\u015f\u0131n hizmete daha kolay ula\u015fabilmesi, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131 ve gaziler i\u00e7in \u00f6zel desteklerin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 adaleti zay\u0131flatmaz; tam tersine adaletin insan\u00ee y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir. Engelli bireylerin haklar\u0131 ve eri\u015filebilir kamu hizmetleri standard\u0131, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin uluslararas\u0131 alandaki \u00f6nemli dayanaklar\u0131ndan biridir. Bu nedenle kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerine g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc kapatan de\u011fil, onlar\u0131 toplumsal hayata daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc katan bir ilkedir. \u00c7ocuklar, korunmaya ve geli\u015fim imk\u00e2n\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar, eri\u015filebilir ve sayg\u0131l\u0131 kamu hizmeti bekler. Engelliler, hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131na e\u015fit kat\u0131l\u0131m hakk\u0131na sahiptir. \u015eehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler, milletin vefa borcuyla korunur. E\u015fitlik ve Liyakat Ayn\u0131 Zeminde Bulu\u015fur Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, Madde 10\u2019da liyakat ilkesiyle birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. Devlet organlar\u0131 ve idare i\u015flemlerinde e\u015fitlik ve liyakat esas\u0131na uyulmas\u0131, kamu y\u00f6netimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemli bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc liyakat, ancak e\u015fitlik zemini \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131n\u0131 bulur. E\u011fer baz\u0131 ki\u015filer daha ba\u015ftan ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131yor, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez engellerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsa liyakat d\u00fczeni kurulamaz. Bu nedenle Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131, e\u015fitlik ile liyakati birbirine rakip de\u011fil, birbirini tamamlayan iki ilke olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr. E\u015fitlik, herkes i\u00e7in adil ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 zemini ister. Liyakat ise g\u00f6revin ehline verilmesini sa\u011flar. Biri olmadan di\u011feri eksik kal\u0131r. Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, kamu g\u00f6revlerinde sadakat, yak\u0131nl\u0131k, aidiyet veya ki\u015fisel ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011fil; ehliyet, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, ba\u015far\u0131 ve kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte E\u015fitlik Yetmez, Sonu\u00e7 da Adil Olmal\u0131d\u0131r Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Madde 10\u2019un en dikkat \u00e7ekici y\u00f6nlerinden biri, bi\u00e7imsel olarak e\u015fit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ancak ayr\u0131mc\u0131 sonu\u00e7 do\u011furan d\u00fczenlemeleri de maddeye ayk\u0131r\u0131 saymas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler ilk bak\u0131\u015fta herkese ayn\u0131 uygulan\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir; fakat sonu\u00e7ta belirli gruplar\u0131 sistemli bi\u00e7imde dezavantajl\u0131 h\u00e2le getiriyorsa ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitlik sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmaz. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, e\u015fitli\u011fi daha derin ve daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir seviyeye ta\u015f\u0131r. Devlet yaln\u0131zca \u201cherkese ayn\u0131 kural\u0131 uygulad\u0131m\u201d diyerek sorumluluktan kurtulamaz. O kural\u0131n hayatta nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7 do\u011furdu\u011funa da bakmak zorundad\u0131r. dolayl\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve e\u015fitlik uygulamalar\u0131nda sonu\u00e7 odakl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme, modern hukuk anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda giderek daha fazla \u00f6nem kazanan bir konudur. Bu nedenle kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7ime de\u011fil, sonuca da bakar. Son Bak\u0131\u015f Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde adaletli toplum ve liyakat esasl\u0131 devlet d\u00fczeninin en temel g\u00fcvencelerinden biri olarak yer al\u0131r. Madde 10, herkesin dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, inan\u00e7, din, mezhep veya benzeri sebeplerle ayr\u0131m g\u00f6zetilmeksizin hukuk ve kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fit oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde ifade eder. Ayn\u0131 zamanda hi\u00e7bir ki\u015fiye, aileye, z\u00fcmreye veya s\u0131n\u0131fa imtiyaz tan\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 hukuk alanlar\u0131n\u0131 reddeder. Bu maddenin as\u0131l g\u00fcc\u00fc, e\u015fitli\u011fi yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7imsel bir ilke olarak b\u0131rakmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Devletin \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler, \u015fehit yak\u0131nlar\u0131, maluller ve gaziler i\u00e7in tedbir almas\u0131 e\u015fitli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131lmaz. Devlet organlar\u0131 ve idare i\u015flemleri e\u015fitlik ve liyakat esas\u0131na uymak zorundad\u0131r. Dahas\u0131, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan e\u015fit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen fakat ayr\u0131mc\u0131 sonu\u00e7 do\u011furan d\u00fczenlemeler de bu maddeye ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik, hem imtiyaz\u0131 reddeden hem dezavantaj\u0131 g\u00f6ren hem de liyakatli kamu d\u00fczenini destekleyen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve insani bir anayasal ilkeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":62,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel-esaslar-ve-devlet-felsefesi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61\/revisions\/63"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}