{"id":306,"date":"2026-06-18T09:20:14","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T09:20:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/?p=306"},"modified":"2026-06-18T09:25:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-18T09:25:00","slug":"basbakan-adayligi-madde-79","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/basbakan-adayligi-madde-79\/","title":{"rendered":"Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131\u2019nda Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Madde 79)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctme modelinde yaln\u0131zca bir se\u00e7im ba\u015fvurusu de\u011fil; devleti fiilen y\u00f6netecek ki\u015finin ehliyetini, tecr\u00fcbesini, program\u0131n\u0131, tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hesap verebilirlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan temel anayasal kap\u0131d\u0131r. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 makam\u0131n\u0131n temsil\u00ee ve tarafs\u0131z konumda d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi bu sistemde, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin icrai merkezi Ba\u015fbakand\u0131r. Bu nedenle Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0131radan bir makam talebi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclemez. Kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi, y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimi, b\u00fct\u00e7e uygulamas\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik hizmetleri, kriz y\u00f6netimi, devlet planlar\u0131 ve vatanda\u015f\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131na dokunan kamu kararlar\u0131, se\u00e7ilecek Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n sorumluluk alan\u0131na girecektir. B\u00f6yle bir makam i\u00e7in adayl\u0131k s\u00fcreci hem a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131 hem de ciddi bir liyakat denetimine dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a> i\u00e7inde Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bireysel ba\u015fvuru imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131rken bu ba\u015fvuruyu objektif \u015fartlara ba\u011flar. T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmak, tam fiil ehliyetine sahip bulunmak, asgari y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rmek ve 56. maddede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen kesin adayl\u0131k engelinin bulunmamas\u0131 ilk e\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fturur. Ancak Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan as\u0131l ay\u0131rt edici unsur, on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesidir. Bu tecr\u00fcbe soyut beyana de\u011fil, do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131tlara dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutar hem de y\u00fcr\u00fctme sorumlulu\u011funu tecr\u00fcbesizli\u011fe, pop\u00fclerli\u011fe veya yaln\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe teslim etmez.<\/p>\n

Madde 79\u2019un g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc taraf\u0131, adayl\u0131k denetimi ile siyasi eleme aras\u0131na net bir \u00e7izgi \u00e7ekmesidir. Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kurulu adayl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, kesin engelleri, tecr\u00fcbe s\u00fcresini, sorumluluk niteli\u011fini ve belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini denetler; fakat siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 engeli olu\u015fturmaz. Bu tercih, se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fini adayl\u0131k \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle birlikte korur. Aday\u0131n y\u00f6netim program\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 zorunludur; ancak se\u00e7ildikten sonra T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine yap\u0131lan program sunumu g\u00fcven oyu veya ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 norm do\u011furmaz. B\u00f6ylece y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131 kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00e2le gelir, fakat Meclis sunumu Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n do\u011frudan halktan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 me\u015fruiyeti ortadan kald\u0131ran yeni bir onay kap\u0131s\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmez.<\/p>\n

Madde 79 \u2013 Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Se\u00e7imi, G\u00f6rev S\u00fcresi ve Yemini<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011fa; T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olan, tam fiil ehliyetine sahip, asgari y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve 56. maddede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen kesin adayl\u0131k engeli bulunmayan ki\u015filer bireysel ba\u015fvurabilir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan adaylar\u0131nda, 56. maddedeki fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesi kapsam\u0131nda toplam veya kesintisiz asgari on be\u015f (15) y\u0131l tecr\u00fcbe aran\u0131r. Tecr\u00fcbe do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131tlarla ispatlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kurulu; adayl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, kesin engelleri, tecr\u00fcbe s\u00fcresini, sorumluluk niteli\u011fini ve belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini denetler. Denetim kayd\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi, s\u00fcrenin tamamlanmas\u0131 ve fiil\u00ee sorumlulukla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r; siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar adayl\u0131k engeli olu\u015fturmaz.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan adaylar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerini, uzun vadeli devlet planlar\u0131yla uyum yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, hizmet hedeflerini ve y\u00f6netim ilkelerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan eder. Se\u00e7ilen Ba\u015fbakan program\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine sunar; bu sunum g\u00fcven oyu veya ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 norm do\u011furmaz.<\/p>\n

Kesin aday listesi, kura ve se\u00e7im s\u00fcreci 56, 58 ve 104. maddelere g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7imi T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi se\u00e7imleriyle birlikte yap\u0131l\u0131r; Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n s\u00fcresi be\u015f (5) y\u0131ld\u0131r ve bir kimse bir (1) defadan fazla Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7ilemez. Ba\u015fbakan s\u00fcresince milletvekili ve parti \u00fcyesi olamaz.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan, g\u00f6reve ba\u015flarken T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi huzurunda \u015fu \u015fekilde ant i\u00e7er:<\/p>\n

\u201cBa\u015fbakan s\u0131fat\u0131yla; Devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, vatan ve millet b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, mill\u00ee egemenli\u011fi, Anayasay\u0131, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, demokratik ve laik Cumhuriyeti, Atat\u00fcrk ilkelerini ve kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 koruyaca\u011f\u0131ma; y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revini Anayasa ve kanunlar i\u00e7inde liyakat, adalet, e\u015fitlik, tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve hesap verebilirlikle yerine getirece\u011fime; milletin huzurunu, refah\u0131n\u0131, g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini g\u00f6zetece\u011fime, B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Milleti \u00f6n\u00fcnde namusum ve \u015ferefim \u00fczerine ant i\u00e7erim.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Neden Bireysel Ba\u015fvuruya Dayan\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bireysel ba\u015fvuru esas\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme makam\u0131na giden yolu kapal\u0131 aday belirleme kanallar\u0131na b\u0131rakmayan \u00f6nemli bir tercihtir. Bu sistemde Ba\u015fbakan do\u011frudan halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilece\u011fi i\u00e7in, adayl\u0131k hakk\u0131 da yaln\u0131z kurumsal aday g\u00f6sterme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaz. \u015eartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015fi, kendi ad\u0131na Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir.<\/p>\n

Bu durum adayl\u0131k alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletir; fakat s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bireysel ba\u015fvuru, ehliyetsiz veya denetimsiz adayl\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelmez. Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, fiil ehliyeti, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim ve kesin adayl\u0131k engelinin bulunmamas\u0131 gibi temel \u015fartlar koyar. B\u00f6ylece ba\u015fvuru \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile makam\u0131n ciddiyeti birlikte korunur.<\/p>\n

Bu yap\u0131, se\u00e7menin ger\u00e7ek tercih yapabilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Adayl\u0131k kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok dar olursa se\u00e7im alan\u0131 yapay bi\u00e7imde s\u0131n\u0131rlan\u0131r. Adayl\u0131k kap\u0131s\u0131 tamamen denetimsiz olursa y\u00fcr\u00fctme makam\u0131 niteliksiz ba\u015fvurularla s\u0131radanla\u015f\u0131r. Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda bu iki sak\u0131ncay\u0131 birlikte g\u00f6zetir.<\/p>\n

On Be\u015f Y\u0131ll\u0131k Fiil\u00ee Y\u00f6neticilik Tecr\u00fcbesi<\/h2>\n

Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en belirgin liyakat \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc, on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesidir. Burada aranan tecr\u00fcbe yaln\u0131z unvan ta\u015f\u0131mak, dan\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6revi yapmak veya sembolik bir pozisyonda bulunmak de\u011fildir. 56. maddeyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik; personel, b\u00fct\u00e7e, hizmet, proje, \u00fcretim, kriz, koordinasyon, denetim, uygulama, temsil, yerel hizmet veya kurumsal sorumluluk i\u00e7eren ger\u00e7ek g\u00f6revleri kapsar.<\/p>\n

Bu \u015fart\u0131n amac\u0131, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecini yaln\u0131z pop\u00fclerlik, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck veya s\u00f6ylem \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczerinden kurmamakt\u0131r. Ba\u015fbakan, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin merkezidir. B\u00f6yle bir makam i\u00e7in aday olacak ki\u015finin, uzun s\u00fcre y\u00f6netim sorumlulu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. On be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k tecr\u00fcbe \u015fart\u0131, se\u00e7menin \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan adaylar\u0131n en az\u0131ndan belirli bir kurumsal y\u00f6netim ge\u00e7mi\u015fine sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131t zorunlulu\u011fu hayati \u00f6nemdedir. Tecr\u00fcbe, aday\u0131n kendi beyan\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131rsa denetim zay\u0131flar. Hangi kurumda, hangi tarihler aras\u0131nda, hangi g\u00f6revle, hangi sorumluluk d\u00fczeyinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131tla ortaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir tecr\u00fcbe ve denetlenebilir sorumluluk<\/strong> zeminine oturur.<\/p>\n

YSK Denetiminin S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131: Hukuk\u00ee \u0130nceleme, Siyasi Eleme De\u011fil<\/h2>\n

Madde 79, Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kuruluna Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6nemli bir denetim g\u00f6revi verir. Kurul; adayl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, kesin engelleri, tecr\u00fcbe s\u00fcresini, sorumluluk niteli\u011fini ve belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini inceler. Ancak bu denetim kayd\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi, s\u00fcrenin tamamlanmas\u0131 ve fiil\u00ee sorumlulukla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlama, adayl\u0131k hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruyan temel g\u00fcvencedir. YSK aday\u0131n program\u0131n\u0131 be\u011fenmedi\u011fi, siyasi \u00e7izgisini uygun g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi veya kamuoyundaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131f buldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurusunu reddedemez. Kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar da adayl\u0131k engeline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclemez. B\u00f6ylece denetim, hukuki do\u011frulama s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Venedik Komisyonunun Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters<\/a> belgesi, se\u00e7im s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde e\u015fitlik, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik ve temel se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenceleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir uluslararas\u0131 referanst\u0131r. Madde 79\u2019un yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da se\u00e7im y\u00f6netiminin adaylar\u0131 siyasi i\u00e7eriklerine g\u00f6re elememesi, yaln\u0131z objektif \u015fartlar\u0131 denetlemesi gerekti\u011fi fikriyle uyumludur.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Program\u0131n\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131k \u0130lan\u0131<\/h2>\n

Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131z ki\u015finin ge\u00e7mi\u015f tecr\u00fcbesiyle ilgili de\u011fildir; aday\u0131n \u00fclkeyi nas\u0131l y\u00f6netece\u011fini kamuya a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 da gerekir. Madde 79\u2019a g\u00f6re Ba\u015fbakan adaylar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerini, uzun vadeli devlet planlar\u0131yla uyum yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, hizmet hedeflerini ve y\u00f6netim ilkelerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan eder.<\/p>\n

Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, se\u00e7imi ki\u015fisel imaj yar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p program ve hizmet hedefleri tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131r. Se\u00e7men, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde aday\u0131n yaln\u0131z kim oldu\u011funu de\u011fil, hangi y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla hareket edece\u011fini de g\u00f6rmelidir. Kamu hizmeti hedefleri, kriz y\u00f6netimi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, stratejik planlarla uyum, liyakat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve hesap verebilirlik ilkeleri se\u00e7menin \u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

OECD\u2019nin trust in government<\/a> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, kamu kurumlar\u0131na g\u00fcvenin demokratik kat\u0131l\u0131m, hukuka uyum ve reform kapasitesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan temel bir unsur oldu\u011funu vurgular. Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde program\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ilan edilmesi de g\u00fcvenin ki\u015fisel vaatlere de\u011fil, g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir hedeflere ve hesap verilebilir y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na dayanmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Meclise Sunum Neden G\u00fcven Oyu Do\u011furmaz?<\/h2>\n

Madde 79, se\u00e7ilen Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n program\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine sunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Ancak bu sunum g\u00fcven oyu veya ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 norm do\u011furmaz. Bu ayr\u0131m, sistemin do\u011frudan se\u00e7im mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korur.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, g\u00f6reve ba\u015flamas\u0131 Meclisin g\u00fcven oyuna ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Meclise program sunumu, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin hesap verebilirli\u011fi ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir; fakat bu sunum yeni bir onay mekanizmas\u0131 de\u011fildir. Meclis program\u0131 dinler, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r, denetim yollar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilir; ancak sunumun kendisi Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n me\u015fruiyetini ask\u0131ya alan bir g\u00fcven oylamas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmez.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00fczenleme, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ile yasama aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi netle\u015ftirir. Ba\u015fbakan y\u00fcr\u00fctmeden sorumludur; TBMM ise kanun, b\u00fct\u00e7e ve denetim yetkilerini kullan\u0131r. Program sunumu, bu iki organ aras\u0131nda kurumsal a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011flar; fakat g\u00f6rev alanlar\u0131n\u0131 birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaz.<\/p>\n

Kesin Aday Listesi, Kura ve Se\u00e7im G\u00fcvenceleri<\/h2>\n

Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin kesin aday listesi, kura ve se\u00e7im a\u015famalar\u0131 56, 58 ve 104. maddelere g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu at\u0131flar, Madde 79\u2019un tek ba\u015f\u0131na de\u011fil, anayasan\u0131n ortak adayl\u0131k ve se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sistemiyle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

56. madde, adayl\u0131k ve liyakat havuzunu objektif yeterlik, a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k, veri g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, itiraz, h\u0131zl\u0131 yarg\u0131 yolu ve denetlenebilirlik esaslar\u0131na ba\u011flar. Aday say\u0131s\u0131 onu a\u015farsa, \u015fartlar\u0131 kesinle\u015fen adaylar aras\u0131ndan tarafs\u0131z kura ile kesin liste olu\u015fturulur. Bu kura halkoyunun yerine ge\u00e7mez; yaln\u0131z se\u00e7im alan\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netilebilir ve tarafs\u0131z h\u00e2le getirir.<\/p>\n

104. madde ise YSK\u2019n\u0131n adayl\u0131k, liste, kura, propaganda, finansman, oy verme, say\u0131m, itiraz, sonu\u00e7 ve se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini Anayasaya uygun y\u00f6netmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu nedenle Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131z aday\u0131n ba\u015fvurusu ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir; veri, itiraz, se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve kesin sonu\u00e7 d\u00fczeniyle birlikte i\u015fler.<\/p>\n

TBMM Se\u00e7imleriyle Birlikte Ba\u015fbakan Se\u00e7imi<\/h2>\n

Madde 79\u2019a g\u00f6re Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7imi T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi se\u00e7imleriyle birlikte yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu tercih, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ile yasama d\u00f6nemleri aras\u0131nda takvim uyumu sa\u011flar. Se\u00e7men ayn\u0131 se\u00e7im d\u00f6neminde hem yasama organ\u0131n\u0131 hem de y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 belirler.<\/p>\n

Bu ortak takvim, sistemin siyasi ve kurumsal ritmini d\u00fczenler. Ba\u015fbakan ayr\u0131 bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcde, Meclis ayr\u0131 bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcde se\u00e7ilirse s\u00fcrekli se\u00e7im atmosferi do\u011fabilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131 ile Meclis denetimi aras\u0131nda zamanlama kopuklu\u011fu olu\u015fabilir. Birlikte se\u00e7im, hem se\u00e7men iradesini yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r hem de devletin be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00f6netim d\u00f6nemini daha belirgin h\u00e2le getirir.<\/p>\n

International IDEA\u2019n\u0131n semi-presidentialism and power sharing<\/a> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme mimarisinde cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, ba\u015fbakan ve parlamento aras\u0131ndaki yetki ili\u015fkilerinin anayasal tasar\u0131m bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ne kadar belirleyici oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Madde 79\u2019un ortak takvim tercihi de bu mimaride yetki ve sorumluluk d\u00f6nemlerini uyumlu k\u0131lmaya y\u00f6neliktir.<\/p>\n

Be\u015f Y\u0131ll\u0131k S\u00fcre ve Tek D\u00f6nem \u0130lkesi<\/h2>\n

Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r ve bir kimse bir defadan fazla Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7ilemez. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin en \u00f6nemli denge unsurlar\u0131ndan biridir. Ba\u015fbakan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir icrai makamd\u0131r; fakat bu g\u00fc\u00e7 s\u00fcreyle ve tek d\u00f6nem s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131yla \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Tek d\u00f6nem ilkesi, Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n yeniden se\u00e7ilme hesab\u0131yla kamu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131 veya devlet imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma riskini azalt\u0131r. Be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre ise y\u00f6netim program\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli bir zaman verir. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan ne \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli bir ge\u00e7ici y\u00f6neticiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ne de s\u00fcrekli g\u00fc\u00e7 biriktiren uzun d\u00f6nemli bir icra merkezine evrilir.<\/p>\n

OECD\u2019nin public sector integrity<\/a> de\u011ferlendirmeleri, kamu y\u00f6netiminde d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, \u015feffafl\u0131k ve etik standartlar\u0131n g\u00fcven \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu belirtir. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131kta tek d\u00f6nem ve parti \u00fcyeli\u011fi yasa\u011f\u0131 da kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ki\u015fisel veya \u00f6rg\u00fctsel \u00e7\u0131kar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen anayasal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Parti \u00dcyeli\u011fi ve Milletvekilli\u011fi Yasa\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n

Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresince milletvekili ve parti \u00fcyesi olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucunda se\u00e7ilen ki\u015finin art\u0131k belirli bir parti veya yasama kimli\u011fiyle de\u011fil, do\u011frudan y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin anayasal sorumlusu olarak hareket etmesini ama\u00e7lar.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n parti \u00fcyesi olmamas\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n parti hiyerar\u015fisiyle y\u00f6netilmesini engellemeye y\u00f6neliktir. Milletvekili olmamas\u0131 ise yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revlerinin ayn\u0131 ki\u015fide birle\u015fmesini \u00f6nler. Ba\u015fbakan Meclise kar\u015f\u0131 bilgi verir, program\u0131n\u0131 sunar ve denetlenir; fakat Meclis \u00fcyesi olarak yasama faaliyetine kat\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n

Bu ayr\u0131m, sistemin temel mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla uyumludur: Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 temsil eder, Ba\u015fbakan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr, TBMM yasama ve denetim g\u00f6revini yapar. Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7, se\u00e7ildikten sonra tarafs\u0131z kamu y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi sorumlulu\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Yemini: \u0130cra Yetkisinin Ahlaki ve Hukuki \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/h2>\n

Madde 79\u2019un yemin h\u00fckm\u00fc, Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k makam\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131z teknik bir y\u00f6netim g\u00f6revi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Ba\u015fbakan; devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, vatan ve millet b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, mill\u00ee egemenli\u011fi, Anayasay\u0131, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, demokratik ve laik Cumhuriyeti, Atat\u00fcrk ilkelerini ve kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 koruyaca\u011f\u0131na ant i\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

Yemin metninde liyakat, adalet, e\u015fitlik, tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve hesap verebilirlik vurgular\u0131 \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ba\u015fbakan y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenen ki\u015fidir. Bu g\u00f6rev yaln\u0131z karar alma yetkisi de\u011fil, kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini ve vatanda\u015f\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruma sorumlulu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n

OECD\u2019nin Drivers of Trust in Public Institutions<\/a> raporunda kamu kurumlar\u0131na g\u00fcvenin, kurumlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kamu hizmeti kapasitesiyle ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu belirtilir. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yemini de bu de\u011ferleri anayasal g\u00f6rev ahlak\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde ifade eder.<\/p>\n

Vatanda\u015f \u0130\u00e7in Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ne Anlama Gelir?<\/h2>\n

Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, vatanda\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011frudan hayat\u0131na dokunan bir d\u00fczenlemedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ba\u015fbakan yaln\u0131z temsil eden bir makam de\u011fildir; kamu hizmetlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinden, devlet planlar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131ndan, y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerinden ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n genel sorumlulu\u011fundan sorumludur.<\/p>\n

Madde 79 vatanda\u015f i\u00e7in \u015fu g\u00fcvenceleri sa\u011flar:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • A\u00e7\u0131k adayl\u0131k:<\/strong> \u015eartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015filer bireysel olarak Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir.<\/li>\n
  • Liyakat e\u015fi\u011fi:<\/strong> On be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesi aran\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  • Belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi:<\/strong> Tecr\u00fcbe do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131tlarla ispatlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  • Siyasi eleme yasa\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddia adayl\u0131k engeli olamaz.<\/li>\n
  • Program a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Adaylar y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerini ve hizmet hedeflerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan eder.<\/li>\n
  • Tek d\u00f6nem s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131:<\/strong> Ba\u015fbakan bir defadan fazla se\u00e7ilemez.<\/li>\n
  • Tarafs\u0131z y\u00fcr\u00fctme:<\/strong> Ba\u015fbakan g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresince milletvekili ve parti \u00fcyesi olamaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Bu g\u00fcvenceler, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecini hem se\u00e7men iradesine a\u00e7\u0131k hem de kamu y\u00f6netimi ciddiyetine uygun h\u00e2le getirir.<\/p>\n

    Sonu\u00e7: Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Sorumlulu\u011funa A\u00e7\u0131lan Liyakat Kap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n

    Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fctme makam\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015fin en kritik a\u015famalar\u0131ndan biridir. Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011fa bireysel ba\u015fvuru imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131rken, bu imk\u00e2n\u0131 vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, fiil ehliyeti, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim, kesin adayl\u0131k engelinin bulunmamas\u0131 ve on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesi \u015fartlar\u0131yla dengeler. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem a\u00e7\u0131k hem de nitelikli bir anayasal s\u00fcre\u00e7 h\u00e2line gelir.<\/p>\n

    Bu maddenin as\u0131l g\u00fcc\u00fc, adayl\u0131k denetimini siyasi elemeden ay\u0131rmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kurulu yaln\u0131z kayd\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini, s\u00fcrenin tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve fiil\u00ee sorumluluk niteli\u011fini denetler. Siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 engeli olu\u015fturmaz. Adaylar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131n\u0131 ve hizmet hedeflerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan etmesi ise se\u00e7menin yaln\u0131z ki\u015fiye de\u011fil, y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na da oy vermesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

    Sonu\u00e7 olarak Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, se\u00e7im, g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi ve yemin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenleyerek icrai y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi hem g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hem denetlenebilir bir zemine ba\u011flar. Be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k tek d\u00f6nem, parti \u00fcyeli\u011fi ve milletvekilli\u011fi yasa\u011f\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revinin tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k ve kamu yarar\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini destekler. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yemini ise bu g\u00f6revin liyakat, adalet, e\u015fitlik, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, hesap verebilirlik ve kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi temelinde \u00fcstlenildi\u011fini ilan eder.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctme modelinde yaln\u0131zca bir se\u00e7im ba\u015fvurusu de\u011fil; devleti fiilen y\u00f6netecek ki\u015finin ehliyetini, tecr\u00fcbesini, program\u0131n\u0131, tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hesap verebilirlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan temel anayasal kap\u0131d\u0131r. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 makam\u0131n\u0131n temsil\u00ee ve tarafs\u0131z konumda d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi bu sistemde, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin icrai merkezi Ba\u015fbakand\u0131r. Bu nedenle Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0131radan bir makam talebi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclemez. Kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi, y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimi, b\u00fct\u00e7e uygulamas\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik hizmetleri, kriz y\u00f6netimi, devlet planlar\u0131 ve vatanda\u015f\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131na dokunan kamu kararlar\u0131, se\u00e7ilecek Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n sorumluluk alan\u0131na girecektir. B\u00f6yle bir makam i\u00e7in adayl\u0131k s\u00fcreci hem a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131 hem de ciddi bir liyakat denetimine dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bireysel ba\u015fvuru imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131rken bu ba\u015fvuruyu objektif \u015fartlara ba\u011flar. T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmak, tam fiil ehliyetine sahip bulunmak, asgari y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rmek ve 56. maddede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen kesin adayl\u0131k engelinin bulunmamas\u0131 ilk e\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fturur. Ancak Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan as\u0131l ay\u0131rt edici unsur, on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesidir. Bu tecr\u00fcbe soyut beyana de\u011fil, do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131tlara dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutar hem de y\u00fcr\u00fctme sorumlulu\u011funu tecr\u00fcbesizli\u011fe, pop\u00fclerli\u011fe veya yaln\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe teslim etmez. Madde 79\u2019un g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc taraf\u0131, adayl\u0131k denetimi ile siyasi eleme aras\u0131na net bir \u00e7izgi \u00e7ekmesidir. Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kurulu adayl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, kesin engelleri, tecr\u00fcbe s\u00fcresini, sorumluluk niteli\u011fini ve belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini denetler; fakat siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 engeli olu\u015fturmaz. Bu tercih, se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fini adayl\u0131k \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle birlikte korur. Aday\u0131n y\u00f6netim program\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 zorunludur; ancak se\u00e7ildikten sonra T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine yap\u0131lan program sunumu g\u00fcven oyu veya ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 norm do\u011furmaz. B\u00f6ylece y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131 kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00e2le gelir, fakat Meclis sunumu Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n do\u011frudan halktan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 me\u015fruiyeti ortadan kald\u0131ran yeni bir onay kap\u0131s\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmez. Madde 79 \u2013 Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Se\u00e7imi, G\u00f6rev S\u00fcresi ve Yemini Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011fa; T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olan, tam fiil ehliyetine sahip, asgari y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve 56. maddede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen kesin adayl\u0131k engeli bulunmayan ki\u015filer bireysel ba\u015fvurabilir. Ba\u015fbakan adaylar\u0131nda, 56. maddedeki fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesi kapsam\u0131nda toplam veya kesintisiz asgari on be\u015f (15) y\u0131l tecr\u00fcbe aran\u0131r. Tecr\u00fcbe do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131tlarla ispatlan\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kurulu; adayl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, kesin engelleri, tecr\u00fcbe s\u00fcresini, sorumluluk niteli\u011fini ve belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini denetler. Denetim kayd\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi, s\u00fcrenin tamamlanmas\u0131 ve fiil\u00ee sorumlulukla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r; siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar adayl\u0131k engeli olu\u015fturmaz. Ba\u015fbakan adaylar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerini, uzun vadeli devlet planlar\u0131yla uyum yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, hizmet hedeflerini ve y\u00f6netim ilkelerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan eder. Se\u00e7ilen Ba\u015fbakan program\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine sunar; bu sunum g\u00fcven oyu veya ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 norm do\u011furmaz. Kesin aday listesi, kura ve se\u00e7im s\u00fcreci 56, 58 ve 104. maddelere g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7imi T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi se\u00e7imleriyle birlikte yap\u0131l\u0131r; Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n s\u00fcresi be\u015f (5) y\u0131ld\u0131r ve bir kimse bir (1) defadan fazla Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7ilemez. Ba\u015fbakan s\u00fcresince milletvekili ve parti \u00fcyesi olamaz. Ba\u015fbakan, g\u00f6reve ba\u015flarken T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi huzurunda \u015fu \u015fekilde ant i\u00e7er: \u201cBa\u015fbakan s\u0131fat\u0131yla; Devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, vatan ve millet b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, mill\u00ee egemenli\u011fi, Anayasay\u0131, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, demokratik ve laik Cumhuriyeti, Atat\u00fcrk ilkelerini ve kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 koruyaca\u011f\u0131ma; y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revini Anayasa ve kanunlar i\u00e7inde liyakat, adalet, e\u015fitlik, tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve hesap verebilirlikle yerine getirece\u011fime; milletin huzurunu, refah\u0131n\u0131, g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini g\u00f6zetece\u011fime, B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Milleti \u00f6n\u00fcnde namusum ve \u015ferefim \u00fczerine ant i\u00e7erim.\u201d Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Neden Bireysel Ba\u015fvuruya Dayan\u0131r? Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bireysel ba\u015fvuru esas\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme makam\u0131na giden yolu kapal\u0131 aday belirleme kanallar\u0131na b\u0131rakmayan \u00f6nemli bir tercihtir. Bu sistemde Ba\u015fbakan do\u011frudan halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilece\u011fi i\u00e7in, adayl\u0131k hakk\u0131 da yaln\u0131z kurumsal aday g\u00f6sterme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaz. \u015eartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015fi, kendi ad\u0131na Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir. Bu durum adayl\u0131k alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletir; fakat s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bireysel ba\u015fvuru, ehliyetsiz veya denetimsiz adayl\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelmez. Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, fiil ehliyeti, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim ve kesin adayl\u0131k engelinin bulunmamas\u0131 gibi temel \u015fartlar koyar. B\u00f6ylece ba\u015fvuru \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile makam\u0131n ciddiyeti birlikte korunur. Bu yap\u0131, se\u00e7menin ger\u00e7ek tercih yapabilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Adayl\u0131k kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok dar olursa se\u00e7im alan\u0131 yapay bi\u00e7imde s\u0131n\u0131rlan\u0131r. Adayl\u0131k kap\u0131s\u0131 tamamen denetimsiz olursa y\u00fcr\u00fctme makam\u0131 niteliksiz ba\u015fvurularla s\u0131radanla\u015f\u0131r. Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda bu iki sak\u0131ncay\u0131 birlikte g\u00f6zetir. On Be\u015f Y\u0131ll\u0131k Fiil\u00ee Y\u00f6neticilik Tecr\u00fcbesi Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en belirgin liyakat \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc, on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesidir. Burada aranan tecr\u00fcbe yaln\u0131z unvan ta\u015f\u0131mak, dan\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6revi yapmak veya sembolik bir pozisyonda bulunmak de\u011fildir. 56. maddeyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik; personel, b\u00fct\u00e7e, hizmet, proje, \u00fcretim, kriz, koordinasyon, denetim, uygulama, temsil, yerel hizmet veya kurumsal sorumluluk i\u00e7eren ger\u00e7ek g\u00f6revleri kapsar. Bu \u015fart\u0131n amac\u0131, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecini yaln\u0131z pop\u00fclerlik, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck veya s\u00f6ylem \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczerinden kurmamakt\u0131r. Ba\u015fbakan, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin merkezidir. B\u00f6yle bir makam i\u00e7in aday olacak ki\u015finin, uzun s\u00fcre y\u00f6netim sorumlulu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. On be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k tecr\u00fcbe \u015fart\u0131, se\u00e7menin \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan adaylar\u0131n en az\u0131ndan belirli bir kurumsal y\u00f6netim ge\u00e7mi\u015fine sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu noktada do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131t zorunlulu\u011fu hayati \u00f6nemdedir. Tecr\u00fcbe, aday\u0131n kendi beyan\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131rsa denetim zay\u0131flar. Hangi kurumda, hangi tarihler aras\u0131nda, hangi g\u00f6revle, hangi sorumluluk d\u00fczeyinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131tla ortaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir tecr\u00fcbe ve denetlenebilir sorumluluk zeminine oturur. YSK Denetiminin S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131: Hukuk\u00ee \u0130nceleme, Siyasi Eleme De\u011fil Madde 79, Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kuruluna Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6nemli bir denetim g\u00f6revi verir. Kurul; adayl\u0131k \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, kesin engelleri, tecr\u00fcbe s\u00fcresini, sorumluluk niteli\u011fini ve belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini inceler. Ancak bu denetim kayd\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi, s\u00fcrenin tamamlanmas\u0131 ve fiil\u00ee sorumlulukla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlama, adayl\u0131k hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruyan temel g\u00fcvencedir. YSK aday\u0131n program\u0131n\u0131 be\u011fenmedi\u011fi, siyasi \u00e7izgisini uygun g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi veya kamuoyundaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131f buldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurusunu reddedemez. Kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar da adayl\u0131k engeline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclemez. B\u00f6ylece denetim, hukuki do\u011frulama s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda kal\u0131r. Venedik Komisyonunun Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters belgesi, se\u00e7im s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde e\u015fitlik, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik ve temel se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenceleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir uluslararas\u0131 referanst\u0131r. Madde 79\u2019un yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da se\u00e7im y\u00f6netiminin adaylar\u0131 siyasi i\u00e7eriklerine g\u00f6re elememesi, yaln\u0131z objektif \u015fartlar\u0131 denetlemesi gerekti\u011fi fikriyle uyumludur. Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Program\u0131n\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131k \u0130lan\u0131 Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131z ki\u015finin ge\u00e7mi\u015f tecr\u00fcbesiyle ilgili de\u011fildir; aday\u0131n \u00fclkeyi nas\u0131l y\u00f6netece\u011fini kamuya a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 da gerekir. Madde 79\u2019a g\u00f6re Ba\u015fbakan adaylar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerini, uzun vadeli devlet planlar\u0131yla uyum yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, hizmet hedeflerini ve y\u00f6netim ilkelerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan eder. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, se\u00e7imi ki\u015fisel imaj yar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p program ve hizmet hedefleri tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131r. Se\u00e7men, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde aday\u0131n yaln\u0131z kim oldu\u011funu de\u011fil, hangi y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla hareket edece\u011fini de g\u00f6rmelidir. Kamu hizmeti hedefleri, kriz y\u00f6netimi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, stratejik planlarla uyum, liyakat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve hesap verebilirlik ilkeleri se\u00e7menin \u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131r. OECD\u2019nin trust in government \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, kamu kurumlar\u0131na g\u00fcvenin demokratik kat\u0131l\u0131m, hukuka uyum ve reform kapasitesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan temel bir unsur oldu\u011funu vurgular. Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde program\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ilan edilmesi de g\u00fcvenin ki\u015fisel vaatlere de\u011fil, g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir hedeflere ve hesap verilebilir y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na dayanmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flar. Meclise Sunum Neden G\u00fcven Oyu Do\u011furmaz? Madde 79, se\u00e7ilen Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n program\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6reve ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisine sunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Ancak bu sunum g\u00fcven oyu veya ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 norm do\u011furmaz. Bu ayr\u0131m, sistemin do\u011frudan se\u00e7im mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korur. Ba\u015fbakan halk taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, g\u00f6reve ba\u015flamas\u0131 Meclisin g\u00fcven oyuna ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Meclise program sunumu, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin hesap verebilirli\u011fi ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir; fakat bu sunum yeni bir onay mekanizmas\u0131 de\u011fildir. Meclis program\u0131 dinler, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r, denetim yollar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilir; ancak sunumun kendisi Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n me\u015fruiyetini ask\u0131ya alan bir g\u00fcven oylamas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmez. Bu d\u00fczenleme, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ile yasama aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi netle\u015ftirir. Ba\u015fbakan y\u00fcr\u00fctmeden sorumludur; TBMM ise kanun, b\u00fct\u00e7e ve denetim yetkilerini kullan\u0131r. Program sunumu, bu iki organ aras\u0131nda kurumsal a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011flar; fakat g\u00f6rev alanlar\u0131n\u0131 birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaz. Kesin Aday Listesi, Kura ve Se\u00e7im G\u00fcvenceleri Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin kesin aday listesi, kura ve se\u00e7im a\u015famalar\u0131 56, 58 ve 104. maddelere g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu at\u0131flar, Madde 79\u2019un tek ba\u015f\u0131na de\u011fil, anayasan\u0131n ortak adayl\u0131k ve se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sistemiyle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. 56. madde, adayl\u0131k ve liyakat havuzunu objektif yeterlik, a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k, veri g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, itiraz, h\u0131zl\u0131 yarg\u0131 yolu ve denetlenebilirlik esaslar\u0131na ba\u011flar. Aday say\u0131s\u0131 onu a\u015farsa, \u015fartlar\u0131 kesinle\u015fen adaylar aras\u0131ndan tarafs\u0131z kura ile kesin liste olu\u015fturulur. Bu kura halkoyunun yerine ge\u00e7mez; yaln\u0131z se\u00e7im alan\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netilebilir ve tarafs\u0131z h\u00e2le getirir. 104. madde ise YSK\u2019n\u0131n adayl\u0131k, liste, kura, propaganda, finansman, oy verme, say\u0131m, itiraz, sonu\u00e7 ve se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini Anayasaya uygun y\u00f6netmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu nedenle Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaln\u0131z aday\u0131n ba\u015fvurusu ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir; veri, itiraz, se\u00e7im g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve kesin sonu\u00e7 d\u00fczeniyle birlikte i\u015fler. TBMM Se\u00e7imleriyle Birlikte Ba\u015fbakan Se\u00e7imi Madde 79\u2019a g\u00f6re Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7imi T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi se\u00e7imleriyle birlikte yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu tercih, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ile yasama d\u00f6nemleri aras\u0131nda takvim uyumu sa\u011flar. Se\u00e7men ayn\u0131 se\u00e7im d\u00f6neminde hem yasama organ\u0131n\u0131 hem de y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 belirler. Bu ortak takvim, sistemin siyasi ve kurumsal ritmini d\u00fczenler. Ba\u015fbakan ayr\u0131 bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcde, Meclis ayr\u0131 bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcde se\u00e7ilirse s\u00fcrekli se\u00e7im atmosferi do\u011fabilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131 ile Meclis denetimi aras\u0131nda zamanlama kopuklu\u011fu olu\u015fabilir. Birlikte se\u00e7im, hem se\u00e7men iradesini yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r hem de devletin be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00f6netim d\u00f6nemini daha belirgin h\u00e2le getirir. International IDEA\u2019n\u0131n semi-presidentialism and power sharing \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme mimarisinde cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, ba\u015fbakan ve parlamento aras\u0131ndaki yetki ili\u015fkilerinin anayasal tasar\u0131m bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ne kadar belirleyici oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Madde 79\u2019un ortak takvim tercihi de bu mimaride yetki ve sorumluluk d\u00f6nemlerini uyumlu k\u0131lmaya y\u00f6neliktir. Be\u015f Y\u0131ll\u0131k S\u00fcre ve Tek D\u00f6nem \u0130lkesi Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r ve bir kimse bir defadan fazla Ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7ilemez. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin en \u00f6nemli denge unsurlar\u0131ndan biridir. Ba\u015fbakan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir icrai makamd\u0131r; fakat bu g\u00fc\u00e7 s\u00fcreyle ve tek d\u00f6nem s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131yla \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. Tek d\u00f6nem ilkesi, Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n yeniden se\u00e7ilme hesab\u0131yla kamu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131 veya devlet imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma riskini azalt\u0131r. Be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre ise y\u00f6netim program\u0131n\u0131n uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli bir zaman verir. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan ne \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli bir ge\u00e7ici y\u00f6neticiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ne de s\u00fcrekli g\u00fc\u00e7 biriktiren uzun d\u00f6nemli bir icra merkezine evrilir. OECD\u2019nin public sector integrity de\u011ferlendirmeleri, kamu y\u00f6netiminde d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, \u015feffafl\u0131k ve etik standartlar\u0131n g\u00fcven \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu belirtir. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131kta tek d\u00f6nem ve parti \u00fcyeli\u011fi yasa\u011f\u0131 da kamu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ki\u015fisel veya \u00f6rg\u00fctsel \u00e7\u0131kar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen anayasal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Parti \u00dcyeli\u011fi ve Milletvekilli\u011fi Yasa\u011f\u0131 Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresince milletvekili ve parti \u00fcyesi olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucunda se\u00e7ilen ki\u015finin art\u0131k belirli bir parti veya yasama kimli\u011fiyle de\u011fil, do\u011frudan y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin anayasal sorumlusu olarak hareket etmesini ama\u00e7lar. Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n parti \u00fcyesi olmamas\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n parti hiyerar\u015fisiyle y\u00f6netilmesini engellemeye y\u00f6neliktir. Milletvekili olmamas\u0131 ise yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revlerinin ayn\u0131 ki\u015fide birle\u015fmesini \u00f6nler. Ba\u015fbakan Meclise kar\u015f\u0131 bilgi verir, program\u0131n\u0131 sunar ve denetlenir; fakat Meclis \u00fcyesi olarak yasama faaliyetine kat\u0131lmaz. Bu ayr\u0131m, sistemin temel mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla uyumludur: Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 temsil eder, Ba\u015fbakan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr, TBMM yasama ve denetim g\u00f6revini yapar. Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7, se\u00e7ildikten sonra tarafs\u0131z kamu y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi sorumlulu\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Yemini: \u0130cra Yetkisinin Ahlaki ve Hukuki \u00c7er\u00e7evesi Madde 79\u2019un yemin h\u00fckm\u00fc, Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k makam\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131z teknik bir y\u00f6netim g\u00f6revi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Ba\u015fbakan; devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, vatan ve millet b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, mill\u00ee egemenli\u011fi, Anayasay\u0131, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, demokratik ve laik Cumhuriyeti, Atat\u00fcrk ilkelerini ve kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 koruyaca\u011f\u0131na ant i\u00e7er. Yemin metninde liyakat, adalet, e\u015fitlik, tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ve hesap verebilirlik vurgular\u0131 \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ba\u015fbakan y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenen ki\u015fidir. Bu g\u00f6rev yaln\u0131z karar alma yetkisi de\u011fil, kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini ve vatanda\u015f\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 koruma sorumlulu\u011fudur. OECD\u2019nin Drivers of Trust in Public Institutions raporunda kamu kurumlar\u0131na g\u00fcvenin, kurumlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kamu hizmeti kapasitesiyle ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu belirtilir. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yemini de bu de\u011ferleri anayasal g\u00f6rev ahlak\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde ifade eder. Vatanda\u015f \u0130\u00e7in Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ne Anlama Gelir? Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, vatanda\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011frudan hayat\u0131na dokunan bir d\u00fczenlemedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ba\u015fbakan yaln\u0131z temsil eden bir makam de\u011fildir; kamu hizmetlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinden, devlet planlar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131ndan, y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerinden ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n genel sorumlulu\u011fundan sorumludur. Madde 79 vatanda\u015f i\u00e7in \u015fu g\u00fcvenceleri sa\u011flar: A\u00e7\u0131k adayl\u0131k: \u015eartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015filer bireysel olarak Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir. Liyakat e\u015fi\u011fi: On be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesi aran\u0131r. Belge g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi: Tecr\u00fcbe do\u011frulanabilir kay\u0131tlarla ispatlan\u0131r. Siyasi eleme yasa\u011f\u0131: Siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddia adayl\u0131k engeli olamaz. Program a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131: Adaylar y\u00f6netim \u00f6nceliklerini ve hizmet hedeflerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan eder. Tek d\u00f6nem s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131: Ba\u015fbakan bir defadan fazla se\u00e7ilemez. Tarafs\u0131z y\u00fcr\u00fctme: Ba\u015fbakan g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresince milletvekili ve parti \u00fcyesi olamaz. Bu g\u00fcvenceler, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecini hem se\u00e7men iradesine a\u00e7\u0131k hem de kamu y\u00f6netimi ciddiyetine uygun h\u00e2le getirir. Sonu\u00e7: Ba\u015fbakan Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Sorumlulu\u011funa A\u00e7\u0131lan Liyakat Kap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fctme makam\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015fin en kritik a\u015famalar\u0131ndan biridir. Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011fa bireysel ba\u015fvuru imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131rken, bu imk\u00e2n\u0131 vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, fiil ehliyeti, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim, kesin adayl\u0131k engelinin bulunmamas\u0131 ve on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k fiil\u00ee y\u00f6neticilik tecr\u00fcbesi \u015fartlar\u0131yla dengeler. B\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem a\u00e7\u0131k hem de nitelikli bir anayasal s\u00fcre\u00e7 h\u00e2line gelir. Bu maddenin as\u0131l g\u00fcc\u00fc, adayl\u0131k denetimini siyasi elemeden ay\u0131rmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek Se\u00e7im Kurulu yaln\u0131z kayd\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini, s\u00fcrenin tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve fiil\u00ee sorumluluk niteli\u011fini denetler. Siyasi de\u011ferlendirme veya kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f iddialar Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 engeli olu\u015fturmaz. Adaylar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctme program\u0131n\u0131 ve hizmet hedeflerini a\u00e7\u0131k ilan etmesi ise se\u00e7menin yaln\u0131z ki\u015fiye de\u011fil, y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na da oy vermesini sa\u011flar. Sonu\u00e7 olarak Madde 79, Ba\u015fbakan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, se\u00e7im, g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi ve yemin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenleyerek icrai y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi hem g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hem denetlenebilir bir zemine ba\u011flar. Be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k tek d\u00f6nem, parti \u00fcyeli\u011fi ve milletvekilli\u011fi yasa\u011f\u0131, y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00f6revinin tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k ve kamu yarar\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini destekler. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yemini ise bu g\u00f6revin liyakat, adalet, e\u015fitlik, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, hesap verebilirlik ve kamu hizmetlerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi temelinde \u00fcstlenildi\u011fini ilan eder.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yurutme-basbakanlik-ve-idare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=306"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":309,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/306\/revisions\/309"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}