{"id":188,"date":"2026-06-17T06:54:35","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T06:54:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/?p=188"},"modified":"2026-06-17T06:54:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T06:54:35","slug":"saglik-cevre-afetlere-hazirlik-ve-barinma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/saglik-cevre-afetlere-hazirlik-ve-barinma\/","title":{"rendered":"Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131&#8217;nda Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00c7evre, Afetlere Haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve Bar\u0131nma (Madde 42)"},"content":{"rendered":"<article><strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong>, insan\u0131n yaln\u0131z bug\u00fcnk\u00fc hayat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, kriz an\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve gelecek nesillerin ya\u015fama imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 da belirleyen temel anayasal alanlard\u0131r. Bir \u00fclkede sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetine ula\u015fmak zorla\u015f\u0131yorsa, \u00e7evre hakk\u0131 kalk\u0131nma bahanesiyle zay\u0131flat\u0131l\u0131yorsa, afet kaynaklar\u0131 amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131labiliyorsa veya insanlar kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde bar\u0131nma g\u00fcvencesini kaybediyorsa, orada mesele yaln\u0131z idari eksiklik de\u011fildir; do\u011frudan insan onuruna temas eden anayasal bir sorundur. <a href=\"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a> i\u00e7inde Madde 42, bu alanlar\u0131 tek tek de\u011fil, birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sistemi olarak ele al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu madde, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinden \u00e7evre korumas\u0131na, afet y\u00f6netiminden ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nmaya kadar geni\u015f ama son derece tutarl\u0131 bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve kurar. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerini liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite ve kamu yarar\u0131 ilkelerine ba\u011flar. \u00c7evreyi, iklim dengesini, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 uzun vadeli tedbirlerle korur. Afetlerde g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t, mali denetim ve yarg\u0131 yolu ister. Bar\u0131nma krizlerinde ise devletin s\u00fcreli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbir alabilece\u011fini kabul eder; fakat m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve piyasa i\u015fleyi\u015fini kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak ortadan kald\u0131rmaz. B\u00f6ylece <strong><em>sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/em><\/strong>, insana yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r hayat\u0131n anayasal omurgas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Madde 42 \u2013 Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00c7evre, Afetlere Haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve Bar\u0131nma<\/strong><br \/>\nHerkes sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine insan onuruna uygun, e\u015fit ve eri\u015filebilir bi\u00e7imde ula\u015fma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik, denetlenebilirlik ve kamu yarar\u0131 ilkeleriyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Devlet; \u00e7evreyi, iklim dengesini, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 bilimsel veriye dayal\u0131 uzun vadeli tedbirlerle korur. Kalk\u0131nma, imar ve yat\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131 \u00e7evre hakk\u0131n\u0131, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, nesiller aras\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyemez.<\/p>\n<p>Kriz y\u00f6netimi; \u00f6nceden belirli g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, h\u0131zl\u0131 karar, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t, mali denetim ve yarg\u0131 yolu esaslar\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. B\u00fcy\u00fck afetlerde temel hizmetler Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu alt\u0131nda merkezi ve yerel birimler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nceden belirli koordinasyonla sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Afet kaynaklar\u0131 amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lamaz; yard\u0131m, bar\u0131nma, tahliye ve yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7leri Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimine ve yarg\u0131 yoluna a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren yap\u0131la\u015fma af veya fiil\u00ee uygulamayla me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n<p>A\u011f\u0131r ekonomik kriz veya afet h\u00e2llerinde bar\u0131nmaya eri\u015fim ciddi bi\u00e7imde bozulursa Devlet; kira, sosyal konut, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma ve konut arz\u0131 d\u00e2hil s\u00fcreli, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbirler al\u0131r. Tedbirler m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyetini ve piyasa i\u015fleyi\u015fini kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak kald\u0131ramaz.<\/p>\n<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afet y\u00f6netimi, risk kayd\u0131, tahliye, yard\u0131m, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma, yeniden in\u015fa ve kriz koordinasyonu usulleri; insan onuru, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimi ve yarg\u0131 yolu korunarak kanunla d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetine Eri\u015fim, \u0130nsan Onurunun \u0130lk E\u015fi\u011fidir<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk aya\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine insan onuruna uygun, e\u015fit ve eri\u015filebilir bi\u00e7imde ula\u015fma hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ifade \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131 yaln\u0131z hastane binas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez. \u0130nsan ger\u00e7ekten hizmete ula\u015fabiliyor mu, nitelikli bak\u0131m alabiliyor mu, ekonomik veya co\u011frafi sebeplerle sistemin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131yor mu? As\u0131l sorular bunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Madde 42, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerini liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik, denetlenebilirlik ve kamu yarar\u0131 ilkeleriyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Bu, sa\u011fl\u0131k sisteminin ki\u015fisel tercihlerle de\u011fil, bilgiye, etik sorumlulu\u011fa ve kurumsal kaliteye dayanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/universal-health-coverage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">evrensel sa\u011fl\u0131k kapsay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 nitelikli sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine finansal zorluk ya\u015famadan ula\u015fabilmesini esas al\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti, insan\u0131n en k\u0131r\u0131lgan an\u0131nda devletle kurdu\u011fu en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcven ili\u015fkisidir.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00c7evre Hakk\u0131, Gelecek Nesillerle Yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Sessiz Bir S\u00f6zle\u015fmedir<\/h2>\n<p>Madde 42, \u00e7evreyi, iklim dengesini, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 bilimsel veriye dayal\u0131 uzun vadeli tedbirlerle koruma g\u00f6revini devlete y\u00fckler. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, <strong>sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong> alan\u0131nda bug\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015fan bir sorumluluk anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 getirir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7evre hakk\u0131, yaln\u0131z bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n temiz hava ve su hakk\u0131 de\u011fildir; gelecek nesillerin ya\u015fanabilir bir \u00fclke devralma hakk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kalk\u0131nma, imar ve yat\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evre hakk\u0131n\u0131, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, nesiller aras\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyemeyece\u011finin belirtilmesi son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Bu c\u00fcmle, kalk\u0131nma ile \u00e7evreyi d\u00fc\u015fman gibi g\u00f6rmez; fakat kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 insan\u0131n ve do\u011fan\u0131n aleyhine s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir yetki alan\u0131na da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmez. UNEP\u2019in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/unep-and-biodiversity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik<\/a> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, ekosistemlerin yaln\u0131z do\u011fa g\u00fczelli\u011fi de\u011fil; g\u0131da, sa\u011fl\u0131k, su dengesi ve iklim direnci a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da ya\u015famsal oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti<\/strong>, e\u015fit ve eri\u015filebilir olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><u>Su g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/u>, \u00e7evre ve ya\u015fam hakk\u0131yla do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><em>Afet risk kayd\u0131<\/em>, kriz gelmeden \u00f6nce haf\u0131zay\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma tedbirleri<\/strong>, insan onurunu korumal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Afet Y\u00f6netimi, Afet Olduktan Sonra De\u011fil \u00d6nce Ba\u015flar<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en hayati b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden biri afet y\u00f6netimidir. Madde 42, kriz y\u00f6netimini \u00f6nceden belirli g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, h\u0131zl\u0131 karar, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t, mali denetim ve yarg\u0131 yolu esaslar\u0131na ba\u011flar. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, afet y\u00f6netimini panik an\u0131ndaki do\u011fa\u00e7lamadan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r; kurumsal haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve hesap verebilirlik alan\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek afet haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, felaket ya\u015fand\u0131ktan sonra yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla de\u011fil, \u00f6nceden yap\u0131lan risk haritalar\u0131, g\u00f6rev da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131, e\u011fitimler, tatbikatlar ve kaynak planlamas\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. UNDRR\u2019nin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/implementing-sendai-framework\/what-sendai-framework\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sendai Afet Risk Azaltma \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/a>, afet riskini azaltmay\u0131 yaln\u0131z m\u00fcdahale de\u011fil; riskin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme, mevcut riski azaltma ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rma meselesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Madde 42 de ayn\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 anayasal seviyeye ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>A\u00e7\u0131k Kay\u0131t ve Mali Denetim, Kriz An\u0131nda G\u00fcveni Korur<\/h2>\n<p>Afet anlar\u0131, toplumun en savunmas\u0131z oldu\u011fu zamanlard\u0131r. Bu nedenle Madde 42, afet kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; yard\u0131m, bar\u0131nma, tahliye ve yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimine ve yarg\u0131 yoluna a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu belirtir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, <strong>sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong> bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc k\u0131ymetlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde h\u0131z kadar g\u00fcven de gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Afet yard\u0131mlar\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar, kamu kaynaklar\u0131, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma alanlar\u0131 ve yeniden in\u015fa harcamalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131tla izlenmezse toplumda g\u00fcvensizlik olu\u015fur. Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimi ve yarg\u0131 yolu, bu s\u00fcrecin sadece iyi niyete de\u011fil, kurumsal sorumlulu\u011fa dayanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Burada en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm ise can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n af veya fiil\u00ee uygulamayla me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamamas\u0131d\u0131r. <strong><em>Can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren yap\u0131la\u015fma<\/em><\/strong>, sonradan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan aflarla temizlenebilecek bir imar hatas\u0131 de\u011fil; do\u011frudan hayat hakk\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren a\u011f\u0131r bir kamusal sorundur.<\/p>\n<h2>Bar\u0131nma Krizlerinde Devlet M\u00fcdahalesi S\u00fcreli ve \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc Olmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p>Madde 42, a\u011f\u0131r ekonomik kriz veya afet h\u00e2llerinde bar\u0131nmaya eri\u015fim ciddi bi\u00e7imde bozulursa devletin kira, sosyal konut, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma ve konut arz\u0131 d\u00e2hil s\u00fcreli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbirler alabilece\u011fini kabul eder. Bu, <strong>sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong> alan\u0131nda insani ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir d\u00fczenlemedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc afet veya kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde bar\u0131nma, piyasa konusu olman\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7erek temel g\u00fcvenlik meselesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak madde bu m\u00fcdahaleyi s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaz. Tedbirler m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyetini ve piyasa i\u015fleyi\u015fini kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak kald\u0131ramaz. Yani devlet, krizde insan\u0131 korur; fakat ge\u00e7ici m\u00fcdahaleyi kal\u0131c\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc rejime \u00e7eviremez. OHCHR\u2019nin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/housing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">yeterli bar\u0131nma hakk\u0131<\/a> yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, bar\u0131nman\u0131n yaln\u0131z d\u00f6rt duvar de\u011fil; g\u00fcvenlik, eri\u015filebilirlik, ya\u015fanabilirlik ve insan onuruyla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu vurgular. Madde 42 de bu fikri kriz y\u00f6netimiyle birle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n<h2>Merkezi ve Yerel Koordinasyon Olmadan B\u00fcy\u00fck Afet Y\u00f6netilemez<\/h2>\n<p>Madde 42, b\u00fcy\u00fck afetlerde temel hizmetlerin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu alt\u0131nda merkezi ve yerel birimler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nceden belirli koordinasyonla sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, afet y\u00f6netiminde yetki karma\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7lar. <strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bu d\u00fczenleme \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc afet an\u0131nda en pahal\u0131 \u015feylerden biri zaman kayb\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Elektrik, su, sa\u011fl\u0131k, bar\u0131nma, g\u0131da, tahliye, ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fim gibi temel hizmetlerde kimin neyi yapaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nceden belirlenmemi\u015fse, kriz an\u0131nda iyi niyet yetmez. G\u00f6rev zinciri a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131, yerel kapasite merkezi destekle birle\u015fmeli, kararlar h\u0131zl\u0131 al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. <u>\u00d6nceden belirli kriz koordinasyonu<\/u>, sadece b\u00fcrokratik bir d\u00fczenleme de\u011fil; hayat kurtaran bir sistemdir. Afet y\u00f6netiminin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman kahramanl\u0131k hik\u00e2yelerinden \u00f6nce, iyi yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve iyi uygulanm\u0131\u015f planlarla ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n<h2>Son Bak\u0131\u015f: \u0130nsana Yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r Hayat, Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 Devlet<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131<\/a> i\u00e7inde insan onuru, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, \u00e7evre hakk\u0131, kriz y\u00f6netimi ve bar\u0131nma g\u00fcvencesini birlikte ele alan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir anayasal \u00e7er\u00e7evedir. Madde 42, herkesin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine e\u015fit, eri\u015filebilir ve insan onuruna uygun bi\u00e7imde ula\u015fma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu belirtir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik ve denetlenebilirlikle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Bu maddenin as\u0131l de\u011feri, ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011fini b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesidir. \u00c7evre, iklim dengesi, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik ve do\u011fal kaynaklar uzun vadeli bilimsel tedbirlerle korunur. Kriz y\u00f6netimi g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t ve mali denetime ba\u011flan\u0131r. Afet kaynaklar\u0131 amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lamaz; yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7leri Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimine ve yarg\u0131 yoluna a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bar\u0131nma krizlerinde devlet s\u00fcreli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbirler alabilir; fakat m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyetini kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ortadan kald\u0131ramaz. B\u00f6ylece <strong><em>sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma<\/em><\/strong>, hem bireyin g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 hem de toplumun krizler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve insani bir anayasal ilkeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma, insan\u0131n yaln\u0131z bug\u00fcnk\u00fc hayat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, kriz an\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve gelecek nesillerin ya\u015fama imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 da belirleyen temel anayasal alanlard\u0131r. Bir \u00fclkede sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetine ula\u015fmak zorla\u015f\u0131yorsa, \u00e7evre hakk\u0131 kalk\u0131nma bahanesiyle zay\u0131flat\u0131l\u0131yorsa, afet kaynaklar\u0131 amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131labiliyorsa veya insanlar kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde bar\u0131nma g\u00fcvencesini kaybediyorsa, orada mesele yaln\u0131z idari eksiklik de\u011fildir; do\u011frudan insan onuruna temas eden anayasal bir sorundur. Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde Madde 42, bu alanlar\u0131 tek tek de\u011fil, birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sistemi olarak ele al\u0131r. Bu madde, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinden \u00e7evre korumas\u0131na, afet y\u00f6netiminden ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nmaya kadar geni\u015f ama son derece tutarl\u0131 bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve kurar. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerini liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite ve kamu yarar\u0131 ilkelerine ba\u011flar. \u00c7evreyi, iklim dengesini, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 uzun vadeli tedbirlerle korur. Afetlerde g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t, mali denetim ve yarg\u0131 yolu ister. Bar\u0131nma krizlerinde ise devletin s\u00fcreli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbir alabilece\u011fini kabul eder; fakat m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve piyasa i\u015fleyi\u015fini kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak ortadan kald\u0131rmaz. B\u00f6ylece sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma, insana yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r hayat\u0131n anayasal omurgas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Madde 42 \u2013 Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00c7evre, Afetlere Haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve Bar\u0131nma Herkes sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine insan onuruna uygun, e\u015fit ve eri\u015filebilir bi\u00e7imde ula\u015fma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik, denetlenebilirlik ve kamu yarar\u0131 ilkeleriyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Devlet; \u00e7evreyi, iklim dengesini, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 bilimsel veriye dayal\u0131 uzun vadeli tedbirlerle korur. Kalk\u0131nma, imar ve yat\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131 \u00e7evre hakk\u0131n\u0131, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, nesiller aras\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyemez. Kriz y\u00f6netimi; \u00f6nceden belirli g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, h\u0131zl\u0131 karar, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t, mali denetim ve yarg\u0131 yolu esaslar\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. B\u00fcy\u00fck afetlerde temel hizmetler Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu alt\u0131nda merkezi ve yerel birimler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nceden belirli koordinasyonla sa\u011flan\u0131r. Afet kaynaklar\u0131 amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lamaz; yard\u0131m, bar\u0131nma, tahliye ve yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7leri Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimine ve yarg\u0131 yoluna a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren yap\u0131la\u015fma af veya fiil\u00ee uygulamayla me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz. A\u011f\u0131r ekonomik kriz veya afet h\u00e2llerinde bar\u0131nmaya eri\u015fim ciddi bi\u00e7imde bozulursa Devlet; kira, sosyal konut, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma ve konut arz\u0131 d\u00e2hil s\u00fcreli, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbirler al\u0131r. Tedbirler m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyetini ve piyasa i\u015fleyi\u015fini kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak kald\u0131ramaz. Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afet y\u00f6netimi, risk kayd\u0131, tahliye, yard\u0131m, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma, yeniden in\u015fa ve kriz koordinasyonu usulleri; insan onuru, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimi ve yarg\u0131 yolu korunarak kanunla d\u00fczenlenir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetine Eri\u015fim, \u0130nsan Onurunun \u0130lk E\u015fi\u011fidir Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk aya\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine insan onuruna uygun, e\u015fit ve eri\u015filebilir bi\u00e7imde ula\u015fma hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ifade \u00e7ok de\u011ferlidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131 yaln\u0131z hastane binas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez. \u0130nsan ger\u00e7ekten hizmete ula\u015fabiliyor mu, nitelikli bak\u0131m alabiliyor mu, ekonomik veya co\u011frafi sebeplerle sistemin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131yor mu? As\u0131l sorular bunlard\u0131r. Madde 42, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerini liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik, denetlenebilirlik ve kamu yarar\u0131 ilkeleriyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Bu, sa\u011fl\u0131k sisteminin ki\u015fisel tercihlerle de\u011fil, bilgiye, etik sorumlulu\u011fa ve kurumsal kaliteye dayanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn evrensel sa\u011fl\u0131k kapsay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 nitelikli sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine finansal zorluk ya\u015famadan ula\u015fabilmesini esas al\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti, insan\u0131n en k\u0131r\u0131lgan an\u0131nda devletle kurdu\u011fu en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcven ili\u015fkisidir. \u00c7evre Hakk\u0131, Gelecek Nesillerle Yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Sessiz Bir S\u00f6zle\u015fmedir Madde 42, \u00e7evreyi, iklim dengesini, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 bilimsel veriye dayal\u0131 uzun vadeli tedbirlerle koruma g\u00f6revini devlete y\u00fckler. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma alan\u0131nda bug\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015fan bir sorumluluk anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 getirir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7evre hakk\u0131, yaln\u0131z bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n temiz hava ve su hakk\u0131 de\u011fildir; gelecek nesillerin ya\u015fanabilir bir \u00fclke devralma hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Kalk\u0131nma, imar ve yat\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evre hakk\u0131n\u0131, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, nesiller aras\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zedeleyemeyece\u011finin belirtilmesi son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Bu c\u00fcmle, kalk\u0131nma ile \u00e7evreyi d\u00fc\u015fman gibi g\u00f6rmez; fakat kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 insan\u0131n ve do\u011fan\u0131n aleyhine s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir yetki alan\u0131na da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmez. UNEP\u2019in biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, ekosistemlerin yaln\u0131z do\u011fa g\u00fczelli\u011fi de\u011fil; g\u0131da, sa\u011fl\u0131k, su dengesi ve iklim direnci a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da ya\u015famsal oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti, e\u015fit ve eri\u015filebilir olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Su g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, \u00e7evre ve ya\u015fam hakk\u0131yla do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Afet risk kayd\u0131, kriz gelmeden \u00f6nce haf\u0131zay\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma tedbirleri, insan onurunu korumal\u0131d\u0131r. Afet Y\u00f6netimi, Afet Olduktan Sonra De\u011fil \u00d6nce Ba\u015flar Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en hayati b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden biri afet y\u00f6netimidir. Madde 42, kriz y\u00f6netimini \u00f6nceden belirli g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, h\u0131zl\u0131 karar, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t, mali denetim ve yarg\u0131 yolu esaslar\u0131na ba\u011flar. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, afet y\u00f6netimini panik an\u0131ndaki do\u011fa\u00e7lamadan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r; kurumsal haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve hesap verebilirlik alan\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek afet haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, felaket ya\u015fand\u0131ktan sonra yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla de\u011fil, \u00f6nceden yap\u0131lan risk haritalar\u0131, g\u00f6rev da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131, e\u011fitimler, tatbikatlar ve kaynak planlamas\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. UNDRR\u2019nin Sendai Afet Risk Azaltma \u00c7er\u00e7evesi, afet riskini azaltmay\u0131 yaln\u0131z m\u00fcdahale de\u011fil; riskin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme, mevcut riski azaltma ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rma meselesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Madde 42 de ayn\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 anayasal seviyeye ta\u015f\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k Kay\u0131t ve Mali Denetim, Kriz An\u0131nda G\u00fcveni Korur Afet anlar\u0131, toplumun en savunmas\u0131z oldu\u011fu zamanlard\u0131r. Bu nedenle Madde 42, afet kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; yard\u0131m, bar\u0131nma, tahliye ve yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimine ve yarg\u0131 yoluna a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu belirtir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc k\u0131ymetlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde h\u0131z kadar g\u00fcven de gerekir. Afet yard\u0131mlar\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar, kamu kaynaklar\u0131, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma alanlar\u0131 ve yeniden in\u015fa harcamalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131tla izlenmezse toplumda g\u00fcvensizlik olu\u015fur. Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimi ve yarg\u0131 yolu, bu s\u00fcrecin sadece iyi niyete de\u011fil, kurumsal sorumlulu\u011fa dayanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Burada en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm ise can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n af veya fiil\u00ee uygulamayla me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamamas\u0131d\u0131r. Can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren yap\u0131la\u015fma, sonradan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan aflarla temizlenebilecek bir imar hatas\u0131 de\u011fil; do\u011frudan hayat hakk\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren a\u011f\u0131r bir kamusal sorundur. Bar\u0131nma Krizlerinde Devlet M\u00fcdahalesi S\u00fcreli ve \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc Olmal\u0131d\u0131r Madde 42, a\u011f\u0131r ekonomik kriz veya afet h\u00e2llerinde bar\u0131nmaya eri\u015fim ciddi bi\u00e7imde bozulursa devletin kira, sosyal konut, ge\u00e7ici bar\u0131nma ve konut arz\u0131 d\u00e2hil s\u00fcreli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbirler alabilece\u011fini kabul eder. Bu, sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma alan\u0131nda insani ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir d\u00fczenlemedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc afet veya kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde bar\u0131nma, piyasa konusu olman\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7erek temel g\u00fcvenlik meselesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Ancak madde bu m\u00fcdahaleyi s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaz. Tedbirler m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyetini ve piyasa i\u015fleyi\u015fini kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak kald\u0131ramaz. Yani devlet, krizde insan\u0131 korur; fakat ge\u00e7ici m\u00fcdahaleyi kal\u0131c\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc rejime \u00e7eviremez. OHCHR\u2019nin yeterli bar\u0131nma hakk\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, bar\u0131nman\u0131n yaln\u0131z d\u00f6rt duvar de\u011fil; g\u00fcvenlik, eri\u015filebilirlik, ya\u015fanabilirlik ve insan onuruyla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu vurgular. Madde 42 de bu fikri kriz y\u00f6netimiyle birle\u015ftirir. Merkezi ve Yerel Koordinasyon Olmadan B\u00fcy\u00fck Afet Y\u00f6netilemez Madde 42, b\u00fcy\u00fck afetlerde temel hizmetlerin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu alt\u0131nda merkezi ve yerel birimler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nceden belirli koordinasyonla sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, afet y\u00f6netiminde yetki karma\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7lar. Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bu d\u00fczenleme \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc afet an\u0131nda en pahal\u0131 \u015feylerden biri zaman kayb\u0131d\u0131r. Elektrik, su, sa\u011fl\u0131k, bar\u0131nma, g\u0131da, tahliye, ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fim gibi temel hizmetlerde kimin neyi yapaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nceden belirlenmemi\u015fse, kriz an\u0131nda iyi niyet yetmez. G\u00f6rev zinciri a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131, yerel kapasite merkezi destekle birle\u015fmeli, kararlar h\u0131zl\u0131 al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6nceden belirli kriz koordinasyonu, sadece b\u00fcrokratik bir d\u00fczenleme de\u011fil; hayat kurtaran bir sistemdir. Afet y\u00f6netiminin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman kahramanl\u0131k hik\u00e2yelerinden \u00f6nce, iyi yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve iyi uygulanm\u0131\u015f planlarla ba\u015flar. Son Bak\u0131\u015f: \u0130nsana Yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r Hayat, Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 Devlet Sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma, Milli Liyakat Anayasas\u0131 i\u00e7inde insan onuru, can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, \u00e7evre hakk\u0131, kriz y\u00f6netimi ve bar\u0131nma g\u00fcvencesini birlikte ele alan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir anayasal \u00e7er\u00e7evedir. Madde 42, herkesin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine e\u015fit, eri\u015filebilir ve insan onuruna uygun bi\u00e7imde ula\u015fma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu belirtir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri liyakat, bilimsel esas, kalite, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik ve denetlenebilirlikle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu maddenin as\u0131l de\u011feri, ya\u015fam g\u00fcvenli\u011fini b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesidir. \u00c7evre, iklim dengesi, su g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik ve do\u011fal kaynaklar uzun vadeli bilimsel tedbirlerle korunur. Kriz y\u00f6netimi g\u00f6rev zinciri, risk kayd\u0131, tatbikat, a\u00e7\u0131k kay\u0131t ve mali denetime ba\u011flan\u0131r. Afet kaynaklar\u0131 amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lamaz; yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7leri Say\u0131\u015ftay denetimine ve yarg\u0131 yoluna a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bar\u0131nma krizlerinde devlet s\u00fcreli ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc tedbirler alabilir; fakat m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fcrriyetini kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ortadan kald\u0131ramaz. B\u00f6ylece sa\u011fl\u0131k, \u00e7evre, afetlere haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve bar\u0131nma, hem bireyin g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 hem de toplumun krizler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve insani bir anayasal ilkeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":189,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sosyal-devlet-egitim-saglik-ve-cevre"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=188"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":190,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/188\/revisions\/190"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milliliyakat.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}